多元醇酯冷冻机油的化学组成及其分子结构鉴定
Analysis of a POE Refrigeration Oil for Its Chemical Composition and Molecular Structures
摘 要
应用傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FTIR)和气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对某品牌进口多元醇酯(POE)冷冻机油(简称A油)的化学组成和结构进行剖析。FTIR光谱图显示A油为季戊四醇脂肪酸酯,且表明其酯化完全。从GC-MS的总离子流色谱图可推断A油有5种主要组成;从A油经甲酯化后的GC-MS谱图可推断A油系季戊四醇与辛酸和壬酸酯化反应的产物。如酯化反应达到完全,则能产生6种产物,由于其中2种产物为同分异构体,因此在图谱中只出现5个信号峰。在实验室中用季戊四醇和壬酸模拟A油的合成,经分析所得产物,证实了对A油组成的推断。
多元醇酯
冷冻机油
化学组成
分子结构
剖析
GC-MS
Polyol ester
Refrigeration oil
Chemical composition
Molecular structures
Analysis
Abstract
FTIR and GC-MS in hyphenation were applied to the analysis of an imported POE refrigeration oil (abbr. as oil A) for its chemical composition and molecular structures of the constituents. As shown by the FTIR spectrum, oil A is an ester of pentaerythritol and acyclic carboxylic acid with complete esterification. It was found in the TIC chromatogram of GC-MS, that there are 5 main components in the oil. By applying the ester exchange technique, pentaerythritol was replaced by methyl alcohol. It was deduced from the GC-MS spectra obtained after trans-esterification that oil A is the product of esterification of pentaerythritol with ethylhexanoic acid and azelaic acid. Under complete esterification, 6 products will be produced, among which 2 products are isomers. This is the reason that only 5 signal peaks were found in the chromatogram. The above result was verified by synthesis of a simulated oil A through esterification of pentaerythritol with azelaic acid in laboratory.
中图分类号 O657.63
所属栏目 试验与研究
基金项目 广东省中科院院省合作项目(2010A090100008)
收稿日期 2013/7/3
修改稿日期
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备注杨忠学(1971-),男,河南洛阳人,高级工程师,博士,研究方向为复合材料、纳米材料、表面工程和摩擦磨损。
引用该论文: YANG Zhong-xue,YU Shu-kai,LIU Qiang,YANG Rui-jie,ZHANG Ling,CHEN Yu-shu,SUN Rong. Analysis of a POE Refrigeration Oil for Its Chemical Composition and Molecular Structures[J]. Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis part B:Chemical Analysis, 2014, 50(9): 1076～1080
杨忠学,余树楷,刘强,杨瑞杰,张玲,陈毓暑,孙蓉. 多元醇酯冷冻机油的化学组成及其分子结构鉴定[J]. 理化检验－化学分册, 2014, 50(9): 1076～1080
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参考文献
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【2】WU Wei-te, THOMAS R H P. Miscibility and stability of synthetic lubricants with HFC refrigerants［J］. Journal of Synthetic Lubrication, 1997,14(2):115-127．
【3】REMIGY J C, NAKACHE E, BRECHOT P D. Structure effect of refrigeration polyolester oils for use in HFC-134a compressors［J］. Journal of Synthetic Lubrication, 1997,14(3):237-247．
【4】MARTZ W L, BURTON C M, JACOBI A M. Local composition modelling of the thermodynamic properties of refrigerant and oil mixtures［J］. International Journal of Refrigeration, 1996,19(1):25-33．
【5】TAKIGAWA K, SANDLER S I, YOKOZEKI A. Solubility and viscosity of refrigerant/lubricant mixtures: hydrofluorocarbon/alkylbenzene systems［J］. International Journal of Refrigeration, 2002,25(8):1014-1024．
【6】PERNECHELE F, BOBBO S, FEDELE L, et al. Solubility of carbon dioxide in pentaerythritol tetrabutyrate (PEC4) and comparison with other linear chained pentaerythritol tetraalkyl esters［J］. Int J Thermophys, 2009,30(4):1144-1154．
【7】WAHLSTROLM A, VAMLING L. Solubility of HFC32, HFC125, HFC134a, HFC143a and HFC152a in a pentaerythritol tetrapentanoat ester［J］. J Chem Eng Data, 1999,44(4):823-828．
【8】YELISETTY S S, VISCO D P, Jr. Solubility of HFC32, HFC125, HFC152a, and HFC143a in three polyols［J］. J Chem Eng Data, 2009,54(3):781-785．
【9】FREAS R B, CAMPANA J E. Fast-atom bombardment and chemical ionization/fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry of lubricants［J］. Anal Chem, 1986,58:2434-2438．
【10】FREAS R B, CAMPANA J E. Chemical ionization/fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry: ion/molecule reactionst［J］. J Am Chem SOC, 1985,107:6195-6201．
【11】杨宏伟,魏贤勇,吴超,等.现代分析测试技术在润滑油性能分析中的应用［J］.合成润滑材料, 2010,37(4):34-37．
【12】费建奇,赵伟.多元醇酯类冷冻机用基础油的合成及其性能［J］.润滑油, 2009,24(4):22-25．
【13】张乐涛,蔡国星,涂晶,等.抗氧化性季戊四醇酯润滑油基础油的合成与表征［J］.润滑油, 2012,27(1):22-26．
【14】KOTOVA G G, SHISHKINA L D, ZARUBINA I V, et al. Infrared-spectroscopic study of oxdation of pentraerythritol esters of C5-C9 synthetic factty acid fraction［J］. Khimiya I Tekhnologiya Topliv I Masel, 1979,1:27-29．
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