综合运用多种仪器分析方法剖析了一种聚氨酯产品。热重分析的结果显示: 此产品主要由挥发性组分、高分子聚合物和无机填料三部分组成,其中无机物的相对含量达19.5%。傅里叶变换红外光谱分析结果证明了此无机物为碳酸钙,而且还提示此产品中主要含有异氰酸酯和大分子多元醇反应所生成的预聚体以及大量增塑剂。根据凝胶渗透色谱图可知,此产品所含聚合物只有一种,其相对分子质量分布较宽,又根据顶空-气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)分析所得图谱可知,样品中的挥发性组分为乙苯、二甲苯、三甲苯和其它脂肪烷烃是作为稀释剂加入的;用13C核磁共振和DEPT-135谱以及裂解-GC-MS分析,样品中含有硅烷偶联剂KH-560、防霉剂和抗菌剂对甲苯磺酰胺(Ritcizer-8)和增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二癸酯(DDP);综合分析以上方法的结果,得知聚氨酯预聚体是甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚丙二醇(PPG)的反应产物且由异氰酸根封端。

Analysis of a polyurethane product of unknown composition was performed by comprehensive application of various instrumental analytical methods. It was found that: ① as shown by results of TGA, volatile substances, polymer, and inorganic filler are the 3 main components in the sample; ② as demonstrated in the FT-IR spectrum, the inorganic substance is CaCO3, and besides, pre-polymer formed by reaction between isocyanate and macro-molecular polyol alcohol and large amounts of plasticizer are also present; ③ as observed from the chromatogram of GPC, only one kind of polymer with widely distributed molecular mass is found in the sample; ④ as shown in the spectrum of HS-GC-MS, the volatile components are found to be ethylbenzene, xylene, trimethyl benzene and some other alkanes; which are added as diluents; ⑤ based on comprehensive study on the results of 13C NMR and DEPT-135 NMR spectrometry and Py-GC-MS analysis, a silane coupling agent KH-560, antifungal and anti-bacterial-Ritcizer-8 and a plasticizer DDP are present in the sample, and the pre-polymer of polyurethane is the product of reaction between TDI and PPG, with -N=C=O as its ending group.