直流电压降法应力腐蚀裂纹扩展速率在线测定试验系统
Measurement System for Stress Corrosion Crack Growth Rate Based on Direct Current Potential Drop Method
摘 要
介绍了应用直流电压降方法(DCPD)在线测量高温高压水环境中不锈钢应力腐蚀裂纹扩展的原理与试验系统, 并采用商用301不锈钢对试验方法的准确性与系统的可靠性进行了验证。试验系统包括水化学回路、加热控制系统、动态加载系统与数据采集系统。在320 ℃, 15.5 MPa的去离子水中通过改变溶解氧含量和添加SO42-, Cl-等条件下完成了验证性试验。对材料的裂纹长度-时间曲线和断口形貌分析表明, 该试验系统能够稳定而准确地在线测量应力腐蚀裂纹扩展速率。
裂纹扩展速率
直流电压降
高温高压水环境
stress corrosion crack
crack growth rate
direct current potential drop
high temperature and high pressure water
Abstract
The experiment system for stress corrosion crack growth rate measurements based on reversing direct current potential drop method and its principle were introduced. In the experiment system, the water chemistry board, controlling system, autoclaves, servo loading system and data acquisition system were described in detail. Commercial 301 stainless steels were used to validate the stability and reliability of the system in pure water at 320 °C and 15.5 MPa. Crack length vs. time curves were obtained, and the effects of dissolved gases and impurities additions on crack growth rate were evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the fractography of the tested specimen. The results showed that the system can monitor the crack propagation with high stability and accuracy, and can yield useful key insights into crack growth in high temperature and high pressure water.
中图分类号 TL341
所属栏目 试验技术与方法
基金项目 国家大型先进压水堆核电站重大专项子项(2011ZX0600400908)
收稿日期 2013/3/18
修改稿日期
网络出版日期
作者单位点击查看
备注杜东海(1987-), 男, 硕士研究生。
引用该论文: DU Dong-hai,YU Lun,CHEN Kai,ZHANG Le-fu,SHI Xiu-qiang. Measurement System for Stress Corrosion Crack Growth Rate Based on Direct Current Potential Drop Method[J]. Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis part A:Physical Testing, 2014, 50(1): 25～30
杜东海,余论,陈凯,张乐福,石秀强. 直流电压降法应力腐蚀裂纹扩展速率在线测定试验系统[J]. 理化检验－物理分册, 2014, 50(1): 25～30
被引情况:
【1】胡 梦,李志军,张乐福, "介质电导率对直流电压降法测试腐蚀疲劳裂纹长度准确性的影响",理化检验－物理分册 52, 221-226(2016)
【2】赖平,张乐福,潘向烽, "利用直流电压法在线测试碳钢的流动加速腐蚀减薄速率",理化检验－物理分册 51, 165-169(2015)
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参考文献
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【2】ANDRESEN P L, WAS G S. SCC of unirradiated stainless steels and nickel alloys in hot water[C]//17th International Corrosion Congress. Las Vegas, NACE, Houston:[s.n.],2008.
【3】ANDRESEN P L. Perspective and direction of stress corrosion cracking in hot water[C]//Proc Tenth Int Symp on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems-Water Reactors, NACE.[S.l.]:[s.n.],2001.
【4】KANE R D. Slow Strain Rate Testing for the Evaluation of Environmentally Induced Cracking[M].[S.l.]:ASTM International,1993.
【5】TORRES P D. Stress corrosion study of PH13-8Mo stainless steel using the slow strain rate technique[R]//NASA Technical Paper 2934.[S.l.]:NASA,1989.
【6】BRETTLE J, ORMAN S. Laboratory testing for stress corrosion cracking[J].Anti-corrosion Methods and Materials,1973,20(9):3-10.
【7】SATO Y, ATSUMI T, SHOJI T. Continuous monitoring of back wall stress corrosion cracking growth in sensitized type 304 stainless steels weldment by means of potential drop techniques[J].International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping,2007(84):274-283.
【8】MERAH N. Detecting and measuring flaws using electric potential techniques[J].Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering,2003,9(2):160-175.
【9】ANDRESEN P L, MORRA M M. Effect of rising and falling K profiles on SCC growth rates in high temperature water[J].Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology,2007,129(3):488-506.
【10】ANDRESEN P L, HICKLING J, AHLUWALIA K S, et al. Effects of hydrogen on SCC growth rate of Ni alloys in high temperature water[J].Corrosion,2008,64(9):707.
【11】ANDRESEN P L, MORRA M M. IGSCC of non-sensitized stainless steels in high temperature water[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials,2008(383):97-111.
【12】CLAUDIO R A, MAIA J, DIAS Pereira J M, et al. Development of a DC Potential drop system controlled by computer[C]//9th Portuguese Conference on Fracture.[S.l.]:[s.n.],2004.
【13】UHLIR A Jr.The potentials of infinite systems of sources and numerical solutions of problems in semiconductor engineering[J].B S T J,1955,34:105.
【14】VALDES A B. Resistivity measurements on germanium for transistors[C]//Proceedings of the IRE.[S.l.]:[s.n.],1954:420-427.
【15】SEOK C S, BAE B K, KOO J M. DC Potential drop method for evaluating material degradation[J].KSME International Journal,2004,18(8):1368-1374.
【16】BOWLER N. Theory of four-point direct-current potential drop measurements on a metal plate[J].Research in Nondestructive Evaluation,2006,17:29-48.
【17】SPOSITO G. Advances in Potential Drop Techniques for Non-destructive Testing[D].London:Imperial College London, Department of Mechanical Engineering,2009.
【18】HICKS M A, PICKARD A C. A comparison of theoretical and experimental methods of calibrating the electrical potential drop technique for crack length determination[J].Int Journal of Fracture,1982(20):91-101.
【19】RITCHIE R O, BATHE K J. On the calibration of the electrical potential technique for monitoring crack growth using finite element methods[J].International Journal of Fracture,1979,15(1):47-55.
【20】ANDRESEN P L. Emerging issues and fundamental processes in environmental cracking in hot water[J].Corrosion,2008,64(5):439-464.
【21】ANDRESEN P L. Factors influencing SCC and IASCC of stainless steels in high temperature water[J].PVP,ASME,2004,479.
【22】AALTONEN P, BOJINOW M, HELIN M, et al. Facts and Views on the Role of Anionic Impurities, Crack Tip Chemistry and Oxide Films in Environmentally Assisted Cracking[M].Espoo, Finland: Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus,2003.
【23】ANDRESEN P L. The Effects of Aqueous Impurities on Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking of Sensitized Type-304 Stainless Steel[R].Palo Alto, CA: Electric Power Research Institute, 1983, Final Report No. EPRI NP-3384.
【24】ANDRESEN P L. SCC growth rate behaviour in BWR water of increased purity[C]//Proceedings of the Eight International Symposium on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems-Water Reactors. Amelia Island, Florida, USA:[s.n.],1997,2:675-684.
【25】ANDRESEN P L, YOUNG L M. Characterization of the roles of electrochemistry, convection and crack chemistry in stress corrosion cracking[C]//Proc Seventh International Symposium on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems-Water Reactors.[S.l.]:NACE,1995:579-596.
【26】ANDRESEN P L. Effects of specific anionic impurities on environmental cracking of austenitic materials in 288 ℃ water[C]//Proc Fifth Int Symp on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems-Water Reactors.[S.l.]:ANS,1992:209-218.
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