维氏硬度在金属材料的性能检测中应用广泛, 运用数学模拟计算讨论了维氏硬度试验中载荷的选择对可能最大相对误差及其不确定度的影响。结果表明: 在放大400倍试验时, 随着试验载荷的增加, 可能最大相对误差及其不确定度变小; 在条件允许的情况下, 应当尽量选择比较大的试验载荷, 以提高维氏硬度试验的准确性及重复性; 在实际检测过程中, 最好不要选用显微维氏硬度试验。

Vickers-hardness test is widely used in metallic material performance test. The relationship between different test loads and the maximum probable relative errors or measurement uncertainty was discussed by mathematical simulation. The results show that with the increase of test load the maximum probable relative error and its uncertainty decreased at the magnification of 400 times. Whenever possible, larger test loads should be chosen to improve the test accuracy and repeatability. In the actual testing process, micro Vickers-hardness had better not be chosen.