为模拟短时过负荷对架空导线的影响, 将绞后硬铝线、铝包钢线和镀锌钢线分别置于室温和不同温度的烘箱内, 经一定时长保温后, 测试各单线的力学性能, 并对各保温时段、温度单线的显微组织进行分析。结果表明: 随着保温温度的升高和保温时间的延长, 由于回复退火, 硬铝线的抗拉强度降低, 且随着线径的增加, 抗拉强度损失率降低, 但其最终强度仍高于国标要求; 铝包钢线和镀锌钢线随着保温温度的升高以及保温时间的延长, 抗拉强度略有升高。

In order to simulate the influence of short-time overload on the overhead conductors, the hard-drawn aluminum wires, aluminum-clad steel wires and galvanized steel wires removed from the conductors were put into the ovens with different temperature and room temperature. After certain hours heat preservation, the mechanical properties of the wires were measured, and the microstructures of the wires were analyzed. The results show that with the increase of holding temperature and time, the tensile strength of the aluminum wires reduced but were still above the requirements of national standard. Besides, the tensile strength loss rate of the aluminum wires reduced with the increase of their diameters. To aluminum-clad steel wires and galvanized steel wires, the tensile strength of them slightly increased with the increase of holding temperature and time.