对三种不同牌号不锈钢构件的应力腐蚀失效案例进行了分析, 讨论了影响不锈钢实际使用效果的常见因素。分析认为, 在不锈钢材料和构件的制造和使用过程中, 要严格控制冷热加工的变形率和温度, 并避免材料长期在敏化温度下工作; 要充分了解各类不锈钢的材料特性以及构件的使用环境, 特别是要考虑某些极端条件对材料耐蚀性的影响, 才能更加合理地选择不锈钢; 在设计不锈钢构件时, 要充分考虑强度对不锈钢耐蚀性的影响, 尽量降低其工艺强度水平, 不宜采用材料强度上限设计, 如果在此情况下强度不能满足要求, 应选用更高强度的其它材料。

By analyzing stress corrosion failure cases of three kinds of stainless steel, the factors affecting the practical effect of stainless steels were discussed. The results show that it is necessary to control the hot and cold deformation rate and temperature strictly during processing, and to avoid long-term using under sensitization temperature condition. By understanding material characteristics and using environment of stainless steels, especially the influence of extreme conditions on the corrosion resistance of materials, it is able to choose stainless steels more reasonably. It is necessary to consider the impact of strength on corrosion resistance of stainless steels, and to reduce the level of technology intensity as much as possible. It is inadvisable to employ the maximum design strength of materials. If strength can not meet the requirements, It is advisable to choosey material which has higher intensity.