设计了一种新型双层结构的石油钻机刹车块, 研究了丁腈橡胶对摩擦材料力学与摩擦学性能的影响; 采用均匀设计方法和SAS软件对所研制刹车块摩擦层的材料配方进行了优化。结果表明: 丁腈橡胶可显著提高摩擦材料的冲击强度, 降低其硬度和密度; 配方优化后材料的摩擦因数高且稳定, 磨损率低; 与市售的半金属刹车块相比, 在350 ℃时, 其热衰退率可减小约51%, 磨损率可降低约34.7%; 研制的双层刹车块制动灵敏, 无噪声, 使用寿命可延长60%以上。

A new two-layer brake block for oil rig was designed. The effect of nitrile butadience rubber(NBR) on mechanical and tribological performances of friction materials was studied. The material formula of friction layer of brake blocks was optimized with uniform design method and SAS software. The results show that the NBR could significantly increase impact strength of the friction material, and reduce the hardness and density; the coefficient of friction of the material with optimized formula was high and stable, the rate of wear was low. Compared with merchant semi-metal brake blocks, the rate of heat and wear fade and wear might decrease by about 51% and 34.7% at 350 ℃. The developed two-layer brake block braked sensitively and noiselessly, its working life prolonged over 60%.