使用聚晶金刚石(PCD)刀具, 对碳化硅颗粒增强铝基复合材料(SiCp/Al)进行高速铣削加工, 研究了加工表面质量及切屑的形成机制。结果表明: 刀具进给波纹、工件材料塑性侧流、刀具-工件相对振动和增强颗粒去除过程留下的孔洞、微裂纹、基体撕裂等是SiCp/Al复合材料高速铣削加工表面的主要形成机制; 增大切削速度、使用冷却液、降低增强颗粒体积分数、减小增强颗粒尺寸均有助于提高加工表面质量; 切屑形态为不均匀锯齿状, 增强颗粒体积分数、热处理状态等对切屑形成有显著影响, 绝热剪切、孔洞/微裂纹动态形成和扩展是切屑的主要形成机制。

Polycrystalline diamond tools (PCD) were selected to study surface and chip generation mechanisms during high-speed milling SiC-particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites (SiCp/Al). The results show that feed marks, materials swelling and side flow, tool-workpiece relative vibration, pits produced during removing reinforment particles, micro-cracks and matrix tearing were the main generation mechanisms of SiCp/Al composites surface during high-speed milling. The machined surface quality could be improved by increasing cutting speed, using coolant, decreasing volume fraction of reinforcement particles, decreasing reinforcement particles size. The chip took uneven sawtooth-like, reinforcement volume fraction and heat treatment condition of matrix had remarkable effects on chip formation. The mechanism of chip were dynamic formation and expending of adiabatic shear, pits and micro-cracks.