用垂直距离代替欧氏距离, 并对垂直距离加权, 对传统理想解法进行了改进; 并以航空航天用电绝缘材料的选择为例, 从功能性角度出发, 选择了8个评价指标, 运用改进后的理想解法对5种经过初选的候选材料进行了综合评价。结果表明: 石英玻璃的加权垂直距离最小, 是最佳的候选材料, 评价结果正确; 改进后的理想解法不仅解决了传统方法的不足, 而且更好地体现了不同候选材料的优劣差异, 物理含义更加明确, 分析问题更全面、客观, 是工程选材的一种工具。

Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) was improved, through replacing euclidean distance with vertical distance and adding weight to vertical distance. Taking the choice of electric insulating materials used in aerospace engineering as an example, 5 kinds of candidate materials were comprehensively evaluated by improved TOPSIS according to 8 kinds of assessment indexes selected from the point of functionality. The results show that the weighted vertical distance of quartz glass was the shortest, which meant it was the best candidate material, and the evaluate results were correct. Improved TOPSIS resolved the shortcoming of the conventional TOPSIS, showed the different situation of candidate materials better, and displayed a clear physical implication, with which the analysis was more comprehensive and objective. Hence, improved TOPSIS was a tool for making decision in engineering material selection.