采用摩擦喷射电沉积系统制备了镍沉积层, 用形貌仪、X射线衍射仪和显微硬度计等研究了镍沉积层的表面形貌、组织结构、晶粒平均尺寸和显微硬度随电流密度的变化。结果表明: 硬质粒子能有效去除镍沉积层表面的吸附气泡和积瘤, 获得表面较为平整光亮的沉积层; 随着电流密度的增大, (111)、(200)和(220)晶面的择优取向度趋于一致, 镍沉积层的表面粗糙度和晶粒平均尺寸先减小后增大, 电流密度为80 A·dm-2时表面粗糙度最小, 电流密度为100 A·dm-2时晶粒的平均尺寸最小, 为 9.67 nm; 显微硬度先增大后减小, 当电流密度为80 A·dm-2时最大。

The nickel deposition layer was prepared by friction jet electrodeposition system, the variation of the surface micromorphology, microstructure, average size of grain and microhardness of the nickel deposition layer as a function of current density was studied by micromorphology analysing, X-ray diffraction, microhardness testing and so on. The results show that the hard particles could effectively remove the hydrogen bubbles and nodules absorbed on nickel deposition layer surface, and obtain regular and smooth deposition layer. With the increase of the current density, the orientation degree of the lattice planes of (111), (200) and (220) converged, the surface roughness and average size of grains first decreased and then increased, the surface roughness was minimal when the current density was 80 A·dm-2, and the average size of grains, which was 9.67 nm, was minimal when the current density was 100 A·dm-2. The microhardness first increased and then decreased and it was maximal when the current density was 80 A·dm-2.