采用复合熔铸-旋煅法制备了铜包Q195钢复合线材, 通过拉伸试验、组织观察、电阻率测试等对其力学性能、组织形貌及电学性能进行了研究。结果表明: 熔铸后铜和钢的结合面呈锯齿状, 界面较清晰, 组织较为粗大, 无中间相形成, 旋锻后组织细小; 直径为2, 3.4, 4 mm的钢芯制备的铜包钢复合棒材旋锻后制得的复合线材的抗拉强度分别是260.63, 368.83, 419.12 MPa, 电阻率分别为1.981×10-6, 1.976×10-6, 2.035×10-6 Ω·cm; 旋锻后横截面上钢芯的面积比越大, 其抗拉强度越接近纯钢芯的; 铜包钢复合线材拉伸断口出现大量韧窝, 断裂方式为典型的韧性断裂。

The copper clad Q195 steel composite wire was prepared by composite casting-swaging method, and the mechanical properties, microstructure and electric properties were studied by tensile testing, microstructure observing and resistivity testing. The results show that the serrated bonding surface between copper and steel was obtain after casting, the interface was fairly clear and microstructure was fairly large and had not intermediate phase was obtained, and the microstructure was fine after swaging. The tensile strength and resistivity of composite wires prepared by copper clad steel composite bar with steel core diameter of 2, 3.4 and 4 mm were 260.63, 368.83, 419.12 MPa and 1.981 ×10-6, 1.976 ×10-6, 2.035 ×10-6Ω·cm, respectively. The tensile strength of the composite wire with a higher proportion of steel core was closer to that of the pure steel core. The tensile fracture of the copper clad steel composite wire had amounts of dimples, and its fracture mode was typical ductile fracture.