首先在聚氨酯泡沫基体表面化学镀一层铜, 然后电沉积铁, 再对聚氨酯进行不同方式的热解, 最后对泡沫铁进行还原热处理, 研究了热处理工艺对泡沫铁结构与性能的影响, 以及热解方式对泡沫铁性能的影响。结果表明:在氮气中热解聚氨酯基体可以有效减少泡沫铁的氧化, 获得更好的力学性能; 在相变温度以上进行热处理可以有效消除泡沫铁的脆性, 减少缺陷; 在960 ℃左右的还原气氛中保温处理2 h, 可使泡沫铁获得较好的力学性能。

A layer of copper was coated on polyurethane foam substrate surface by chemical plating first, and iron electro-deposition was followed, then the polyurethane was pyrolysed, and finally, the foam iron was heated under a reduced atmosphere. The effect of heat treatment on the structure and properties of foamed iron and the effect of pyrolysis on properties of the foam iron were studied. The results show that the mechanical properties of the foam iron could be enhanced when the polyurethane was pyrolysed in nitrogen atmosphere. It could effectively make foam iron eliminating brittleness and reducing defects when the heat treatment was performed above phase-transition temperature; and fairly good mechanical properties could be obtained after the foam iron was treated at 960 ℃ for 2 h in reducing atmosphere.