使用不同形貌的成孔剂, 采用溶析成孔方法制备了开孔型硅橡胶泡沫材料, 研究了泡孔结构、孔径对开孔型硅橡胶泡沫材料性能的影响。结果表明: 在密度和基胶相同的情况下, 硅橡胶泡沫材料的应力松弛及力学性能主要受泡孔结构的影响; 硅橡胶泡沫材料的拉伸强度、硬度、抗压能力及压缩应力松弛性能均随着泡孔结构规整度的增加而增大; 球形泡孔结构硅橡胶泡沫材料具有较好的力学性能, 在一定孔径范围内泡孔孔径对其压缩应力松弛性能及硬度影响较小, 而拉伸强度随泡孔孔径的增大而减小。

Opening structure silicone rubber foams were prepared by means of the dissolve-separating foaming technology using pore formers with different morphology. Effects of cellular structure and cell diameter on the properties of opening structure silicone rubber foams were studied. The results showed that the stress relaxation and mechanical properties were mainly affected by cellular structure when the density and the matrix rubber were the same. Tensile strength, hardness, compressive strength and stress relaxation properties of silicone rubber foams were increased with the growth of the regularity of cellular structure. Spherical cellular structure can come about better mechanical properties than others. When the cellular structure was spherical, compression stress relaxation and hardness of silicone rubber foams were less affected by cell diameter in a certain range, but tensile strength was increased when the cellular diameter reduced.