某锅炉火管在使用过程中出现腐蚀穿孔现象, 采用金相检验、扫描电镜观察、X射线衍射分析、力学性能测试以及化学成分分析等方法对火管腐蚀穿孔的原因进行了分析。结果表明: 该火管腐蚀穿孔主要是由炉水中的氧腐蚀引起的, 炉水中高浓度的氯离子引起火管表面钝化层的破坏, 加快了氧腐蚀的进程, 从而导致火管在较短时间内被腐蚀穿孔。

Corrosion perforation phenomenon happened to a boiler fire tube during service. Means of metallographic inspection, scanning electron microscope inspection, X-ray diffraction analysis, mechanical properties testing and chemical compositions analysis were used to analyze the corrosion perforation reasons of the fire tube. The results show that the corrosive perforation were mainly caused by oxygen corrosion of the boiler water, and high concentrations of chloride ion in the boiler water caused destruction of the passive layer of surface and speeding up the oxygen corrosion process. So corrosion perforation of the fire tube happened in a comparatively short time.