铸铁设备无损检测技术进展
Progress of Non-Destructive Testing Technique on Cast Iron
摘 要
铸铁部件目前在锅炉、压力容器、压力管道、汽车、拖拉机、机床和通用机械中仍得到大量使用，为了提高它们的检测效率和安全性能，对无损检测技术提出了新的需求。综述了国内外铸铁材料的无损检测技术、标准和仪器设备现状，发现目视检测、磁粉检测、渗透检测和射线检测是成熟的和普遍使用的无损检测方法，超声检测在球墨铸铁的球化率测定方面比较成熟，在缺陷的斜探头检测方面还有待于完善。国内外目前尚缺乏成熟的在用铸铁设备裂纹的快速检测方法和技术，声振检测技术、声-超声检测技术和超声导波技术有解决这一技术难题的潜力，但需要深入进行研究。
无损检测
超声检测
标准
检测仪器
综述
Cast iron
Non-destructive testing
Ultrasonic test
Standards
Testing instrument
Review
Abstract
Cast iron components are widely used in boilers, pressure vessels, pressure piping, automobile, tractor, machine tool and general machinery. In order to advance the testing efficiency and safety capability for them, some new non-destructive testing techniques are required in China. The NDT techniques, standards and instruments in the world are reviewed in this paper. It was found that visual testing, magnetic particle testing, dye penetration testing and radiographic testing methods were mature and widely used. Ultrasonic testing method is mature for the testing of the nodulizing ratio of nodular cast iron. It needs to be consummated for the testing of defects by use of angle beam. There are not mature quick testing techniques and methods for the cracks of in-service cast iron components. The sound vibration testing technique, sound-ultrasonic testing technique and ultrasonic guided wave testing technique possess the potential capability for this problem. But a lot of studies need to be performed.
中图分类号 TG115.28
所属栏目 综述
基金项目 国家质检公益性行业科研专项资助项目“铸铁承压设备无损检测关键技术及标准研究”(200910090)
收稿日期 2010/9/12
修改稿日期
网络出版日期
作者单位点击查看
备注沈功田(1963-)，男，研究员，博士，主要从事特种设备无损检测新技术研究。
引用该论文: SHEN Gong-Tian,LI Li-Fei,WANG Shan-Shan,XIANG Yong. Progress of Non-Destructive Testing Technique on Cast Iron[J]. Nondestructive Testing, 2011, 33(1): 62～68
沈功田,李丽菲,王珊珊,香勇. 铸铁设备无损检测技术进展[J]. 无损检测, 2011, 33(1): 62～68
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参考文献
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【16】Xu Jun, Kong Lin, Guo Xiaofei. The application resear dies of laser yltrasonic techinque using in testing compound material［J］. Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering,2005:369-372.
【17】Anderson M T, Crawford S L, Cumblidge S E, et al. Low frequency phased array methods for crack detection in cast austenitic piping components［C］. 6th International Conference on NDE in Relation to Structural Integrity for Nuclear and Pressurized Components,2007,10.
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【2】Brannigan, Francis.L. Cast iron and steel［J］. Fire Engineering,2006(8):126.
【3】刘向东，肖柯则.铸铁分类中几个问题的探讨［J］.现代铸铁,2000(3):57-58.
【4】邱汉泉, 陈正德.中国蠕墨铸铁40年［J］.中国铸造装备与技术,2006(1):2-9.
【5】王成铎，孙雅心，李蒙，等.常用的球化处理方法［J］.现代铸铁,2004,24(3):62-64.
【6】Gornukov E S, Kharlarno V V, Kogan L K, et al. Analysing the applicability of eddy current non-destructive technique for testing the wear of ‘steel-steel’ and ‘cast iron-cast iron’ tribological situations［J］. Proceeding of Institution of Mechanical Engineers,2008(8):675-681.
【7】Akita koichi, Sakata Hajime, Kashiwaya Kenji. Fatigue crack growth behaviour and X-Ray fractograpy on high manganese austentic cast steel. Journal of the Society of Materials Science［J］. Journal of the Society of Material Science Japan,2008(7):722-728.
【8】Favata F, Neiner C, Testa P, et al. Testing magnetically confined wind shock models forβCephei using XMM-Newton and Chandra phase-resolved X-ray observations［J］. Astronomy and Astrophysics,2009(2):210-213.
【9】焦辉.球墨铸铁和灰铸铁的超声衰减鉴别［J］.现代铸铁,2007(5):70-74.
【10】徐光清，刘之顺.铸件球化率测定仪的研制和应用［J］.无损检测,2003,25(12):621-623.
【11】杨维沛.超声波检测技术在测定蠕墨铸铁蠕化率中的应用［J］.装备制造技术,2007(7):103-104.
【12】Xue H Q, Bayraktar E, Bathias C. Damage mechanism of a nodular cast iron under the very high cycle futigue regime［J］. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2008(6):216-223.
【13】Kachanov V K, Sokolov I V, Rodin A B, et al. Ultrasonic testing of complex structured cast iron article using a multifunction software-hardware messuring system［J］.Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing,2008(11):733-746.
【14】Yanez Y, Hernandez M J, Salazar J. Lamb wave generation with an air-coupled piezoelectric array using different square chirp modulation schemes［C］. Proceedings-IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium,2007:1844-1847.
【15】Akamatsa Shigenori. Nondestructive evaluation of concrete structures by laser ultrasonic methed［J］. American Society of Mechanical Engineers,2004:79-83.
【16】Xu Jun, Kong Lin, Guo Xiaofei. The application resear dies of laser yltrasonic techinque using in testing compound material［J］. Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering,2005:369-372.
【17】Anderson M T, Crawford S L, Cumblidge S E, et al. Low frequency phased array methods for crack detection in cast austenitic piping components［C］. 6th International Conference on NDE in Relation to Structural Integrity for Nuclear and Pressurized Components,2007,10.
【18】Auckland D W, Varlow B R, Maloney D. Ultrasonic detection of insulation degradation［R］. IEEE Proncedings A: Physical Science. Measurement and Instrumentation. Management and Education Reviews,2009,11.
【19】Woch S C, Zhou Q. Behavior of laser-induced ultrasonic waves radiated from a wet surf ace［J］. PartI: Theoy, PartII: Experimenta l work,2001(6):3469-3477.
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