钢轨常年暴露在外，随着气候的四季变化钢轨温度会有很大的差异，从而产生温度应力。在采用巴克豪森噪声(MBN)检测方法对温度应力进行检测中，温度改变造成的应力变化，以及温度的变化对MBN本身的影响，两方面的因素都造成MBN信号的变化。为了提取反映应力变化的信息，介绍了MBN检测系统的设计，在保证应力不变而环境温度发生改变的情况下进行试验，并讨论分析了各特征值随温度的变化与应力的变化的关系。研究发现，在试样的弹性范围内，MBN的平均值、均方根、振铃数、峰值、峰宽比都随着温度的升高而减小，但变化率有所区别。最后寻找出随温度变化较小而随应力变化较大的特征值，从理论上对温度变化影响钢轨应力这一现象作出解释，并对试验过程中钢轨内部残余应力、温度分布不均等问题及造成的影响进行讨论。

Exposed outside yearly, the rails temperature shall be very different with climate change in seasons, resulting in thermal stress. In the using of Barkhausen noise(MBN) detection to test the thermal stress, the temperature changes have effects on the stress and the MBN itself, both of the two factors cause changes in MBN signal. To extract the information which reflects the stresschange, this paper introduced the design of MBN detection system. To guarantee the constant stress and temperature changes, the MBN signals in the laboratory were tested and the relationship between the features and changing temperature was discussed under the constant stress. It was found that, within the elastic range in the sample, MBN average, RMS, counts, peak, peak-width ratio decreased with the increase of temperature. However, the rate of change was different. Finally the features which have smaller changes with temperature changes and bigger changes with stress changes were found out. It explained the phenomenon which temperature changes have effect on the rail stress from the theory and analyze the impact of the residual stress, uneven distribution of temperature in the testing.