以LED集鱼灯基板与灯壳的搭接接头为例, 建立了热力学耦合的三维有限元模型, 运用SYSWELD焊接专业软件, 对316L奥氏体不锈钢薄板焊接件在不同焊接条件下纵向残余应力分布进行有限元模拟与分析, 研究了预热温度和焊接顺序对纵向残余应力分布的影响, 并将模拟结果与实测结果进行了对比。结果表明: 采用预热可以有效降低焊接件的纵向残余应力;随着预热温度的升高, 纵向残余应力降低;焊接顺序对纵向残余应力的影响不大;模拟结果与实测结果比较吻合, 验证了计算用模型的准确性。

Based on the overlap joint of base plate and lamp shell of LED fish lamp, a three-dimensional thermal-dynamic coupling finite element model was established. Welding software of SYSWELD was used to simulate and analyze the longitudinal residual stress distribution in 316L austenitic stainless steel sheet weld assembly under different welding conditions. The effects of preheating temperature and welding sequence on distribution of longitudinal residual stress were studied, and the simulated results were compared with the experimental results. The results show that preheating can reduce the longitudinal residual stress of weld assembly effectively;longitudinal residual stress decreased with the increase of preheating temperature, but the welding sequence had no significant influence on longitudinal residual stress. The simulation results coincided with experimental results, verifying the accuracy of the model.