对国产和德国产两种新型鱼尾板材料在室温和低温下的拉伸性能和冲击性能进行了对比研究;用扫描电镜观察不同温度下拉伸断口和冲击断口的形貌,并讨论了材料的断裂方式.结果表明：两种材料均为低合金钢;室温和低温下的拉伸、冲击性能均高于国内现用的B7钢及日本产鱼尾板材料,在室温和-55 ℃下,国产材料的屈服强度、伸长率分别为568,700 MPa和22.0%,21.5%,德国产材料屈服强度、伸长率分别为615,675 MPa和24.4%,22.0%;德国产鱼尾板材料力学性能比国产材料稳定.

According to the state standard,comparative studies were made on the tensile property and impact property of two types of new fishplate materials made both in China and Germany at room temperature and low temperature.The images of tensile fracture and impact fracture at various temperatures were observed with SEM.The modes of cracking are discussed.The results indicate that the two types of materials are low alloy steels.At room and low temperature,the tensile and impact properties of these two materials are superior to the B7 steel used at present in China and the fishplate material made in Japan.Under the condition of room temperature and -55 ℃,the yield strength and elongation of domestic material respectively were 568 MPa,700 MPa,22.0%,21.5%,while those of Germany material respectively were 615 MPa,675 MPa,24.4%,22.0%.In addition,the mechanical properties of the fishplate material made in Germany is more stable than that made in China.