压力容器用钢的应变极限
Strain Limit of Pressure Vessel Steels
摘 要
为了防止压力容器因过量塑性变形导致结构局部破坏,研究了通用压力容器用钢的应变极限.在研究压力容器用钢延性断裂应变测试手段和分析方法基础上,通过大量缺口圆棒试样的拉伸试验,建立了我国压力容器常用三种材料16MnR、Q235和0Cr18Ni9钢的应力三轴度系数-断裂应变关系,并将试验结果与美国ASME Ⅷ-2 2007应变限制条件进行了比较.结果表明:ASME Ⅷ-2 2007标准的应变限制条件适用于我国压力容器标准用碳钢材料,但是不适用奥氏体不锈钢材料:为了提高材料断裂应变的计算精度,并建立我国压力容器用钢的应变限制条件,尚需要进行大量的材料断裂应变测试和研究.
应变
延性断裂
压力容器
stress triaxiality
strain
ductile fracture
pressure vessel
Abstract
To prevent from the local failure of pressure vessels due to excessive plastic deformation,the strain limit of pressure vessel steels was studied.The measurement methods and analysis approaches of the ductile fracture strains were studied.Based on tensile tests of notched bar specimens,the relationship between stress triaxiality factor and fracture strain was established for three typical Chinese pressure vessel steels including 16MnR,Q235 and 0Cr18Ni9.The test results were compared with the strain limit condition in ASME Ⅷ-2 2007.It is shown that the strain limit criterion of ASME is suitable for carbon steels but not suitable for austenitic stainless steels in Chinese pressure vessel steels.To improve the calculation accuracy for fracture strain of materials and to establish the strain limit condition for Chinese pressure vessel steels,a lot of further studies on testing and analysis are expected.
中图分类号 TB31
所属栏目 材料性能及其应用
基金项目 “十一五”国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2006BAK02B02)
收稿日期 2009/3/7
修改稿日期 2009/12/3
网络出版日期
作者单位点击查看
备注邓阳春(1967-),男,湖北洪湖人,高级工程师,博士.
引用该论文: DENG Yang-chun,XU Tong,YANG Xiao-feng,CHEN Gang. Strain Limit of Pressure Vessel Steels[J]. Materials for mechancial engineering, 2010, 34(3): 66～69
邓阳春,徐彤,杨笑峰,陈钢. 压力容器用钢的应变极限[J]. 机械工程材料, 2010, 34(3): 66～69
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参考文献
【1】ASME Ⅷ-2 2007 Boiler & pressure vessel code,rules for construction of pressure vessels,Division 2-Alternative rules[S].
【2】BRIDGMAN P W.Studies in large plastic flow and fracture[M].Newyork: McGraw-Hill Company,Inc,1952.
【3】HANCOCK J,MACKENZIE A.On the mechanisms of ductile failure in high-strength steels subjected to multi-axial stress-states[J].Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids,1976,24:147-169.
【4】MACKENZIE A,HANCOCK J W,BROWN D K.On the influence of state of stress on ductile failure initiation in high strength steels[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,1977,9:167-188.
【5】DAVIS E A,CONNELLY F M.Stress distribution and plastic deformation in rotating cylinders of strain-hardening mate-rial[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,1959,26(1):25-30.
【6】MCCLINTOCKHE F.A criterion for ductile fracture by the growth of holes[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,1968,35(2):363-371.
【7】RICE J R,TRACEY D M.On the ductile enlargement of voids in triaxial stress fileds[J].Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids,1969,17:201-217.
【8】MIRONE G.Role of stress triaxiality in elastoplastic characterization and ductile failure prediction[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,2007,74:1203-1221.
【9】HOPPERSTAD O S,BORVIK T,BERSTAD T.On the influence of stress triaxiality and strain rate on the behaviour of a structural steel.Part Ⅰ.Experiments[J].European Journal of Mechanics A/Solids,2003,22:1-13.
【10】BORVIK T,HOPPERSTAD O S,BERSTAD T.On the influence of stress triaxiality and strain rate on the behaviour of a structural steel.Part Ⅱ.Numerical study[J].European Journal of Mechanics A/Solids,2003,22:15-32.
【11】DENG Yang-chun,CHEN Gang,YANG Xiao-feng.Strain limit dependence on stress triaxiality for pressure vessel steel[J].Journal of Physics: Conference Series,2009,181:1-8.
【12】BANDSTRA J P,GOTO D M,KOSS D A.Ductile failure as a result of a void-sheet instability: experiment and computational modeling[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,1998,249:46-53.
【2】BRIDGMAN P W.Studies in large plastic flow and fracture[M].Newyork: McGraw-Hill Company,Inc,1952.
【3】HANCOCK J,MACKENZIE A.On the mechanisms of ductile failure in high-strength steels subjected to multi-axial stress-states[J].Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids,1976,24:147-169.
【4】MACKENZIE A,HANCOCK J W,BROWN D K.On the influence of state of stress on ductile failure initiation in high strength steels[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,1977,9:167-188.
【5】DAVIS E A,CONNELLY F M.Stress distribution and plastic deformation in rotating cylinders of strain-hardening mate-rial[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,1959,26(1):25-30.
【6】MCCLINTOCKHE F.A criterion for ductile fracture by the growth of holes[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,1968,35(2):363-371.
【7】RICE J R,TRACEY D M.On the ductile enlargement of voids in triaxial stress fileds[J].Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids,1969,17:201-217.
【8】MIRONE G.Role of stress triaxiality in elastoplastic characterization and ductile failure prediction[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,2007,74:1203-1221.
【9】HOPPERSTAD O S,BORVIK T,BERSTAD T.On the influence of stress triaxiality and strain rate on the behaviour of a structural steel.Part Ⅰ.Experiments[J].European Journal of Mechanics A/Solids,2003,22:1-13.
【10】BORVIK T,HOPPERSTAD O S,BERSTAD T.On the influence of stress triaxiality and strain rate on the behaviour of a structural steel.Part Ⅱ.Numerical study[J].European Journal of Mechanics A/Solids,2003,22:15-32.
【11】DENG Yang-chun,CHEN Gang,YANG Xiao-feng.Strain limit dependence on stress triaxiality for pressure vessel steel[J].Journal of Physics: Conference Series,2009,181:1-8.
【12】BANDSTRA J P,GOTO D M,KOSS D A.Ductile failure as a result of a void-sheet instability: experiment and computational modeling[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,1998,249:46-53.
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