采用金属陶瓷刀具和硬质合金涂层刀具对硬度为44 HRC的淬硬3Cr13Cu不锈钢进行了铣削试验, 研究了两种刀具在不同的切削速度下铣削时形成的切屑形态和刀具前后刀面的磨损情况。结果表明: 切屑形态受刀具导热性能的影响, 金属陶瓷刀具导热系数小, 所以易于形成锯齿形切屑; 锯齿形切屑的形成对金属陶瓷刀具磨损有较为明显的加速作用, 锯齿间距越小金属陶瓷刀具前刀面磨损面积越大, 而对硬质合金刀具的磨损影响较小; 同一铣削距离, 金属陶瓷刀具的后刀面磨损随着切削速度的增加而增大, 而对于硬质合金涂层刀具, 后刀面磨损量随着切削速度的增加先减小后增大。

The 3Cr13Cu stainless steel at 44 HRC was milled using the cermet cutting tool and coated carbide cutting tool respectively. The chip morphologies and wear of the two types of tools when milling at various cutting speeds were investigated. The results show that chip shape was affected by the tool thermal conductivity, the smaller thermal conductivity, the easier to form serrated chip. The formation of serrated chip caused a more significant destruction of the cermet cutting tool, and less impact on the coated carbide tool failure. The smaller the saw-tooth pitch is, the larger the breakage area of the tool rake face is. At the same milling distance, the flank wear of the cermet tool increased with cutting speed increase, while that of the coated carbide tool first decreased, then increased with increase of the cutting speed.