为了在单一电解质溶液中制备出彩色着色的铝合金阳极氧化膜, 采用正交试验法研究了电解液成分对蓝灰色、深绿色电解着色的影响规律, 优化了可以满足同时制备多种彩色电解着色氧化膜要求的典型电解质溶液, 还研究了极板材料与极板分布对着色均匀性的影响。结果表明, 选择组成为4~5 g/L硫酸亚锡、12 g/L硫酸镍、16~20 g/L硫酸的电解质溶液可以满足多色化着色的要求, 采用锡板替代不锈钢可以避免极板产生白色粉末问题, 双阴极板布局有利于提高电解着色均匀性。

In order to prepare a multi-coloring anodized film on aluminium alloy in the same electrolyte solution, an orthogonal experiment scheme was designed to find the effect of electrolyte solution composition upon the blue grey and dark green electrolytic coloring, and a typical electrolyte solution formula was optimized. In addition, the influences of electrode material and arrangement in the electrolytic cell on the coloring unformity were also studied. It is found that the electrolyte solution composed of 4~5 g/L SnSO4, 12 g/L NiSO4 and 16~20 g/L H2SO4 could meet the requirements of the multi-coloring for the anodized film, and the substitution of stainless steel electrode plate by Sn metal could avoid the white powder deposition on the plate, as well as the use of double cathode plates is helpful for improving the coloring uniformity of the anodized film.