通过使用测深法快速测试铸铁材料布氏硬度的原理，分析了影响其测试精度的各种因素。通过与经验数据法及标样法的比较，确定了利用实际检验工作中的试块进行原始数据采样的方案，并对建立的压痕深度-硬度转换表进行大量的实际样块验证试验。通过对比测深法转换的硬度值以及光学压痕直径测量法计算的硬度值，分析了快速测试法的误差成因及解决方法。通过增加数据分布均匀度及在测试范围两端增加数据密度，可在保证布氏硬度测试速度及自动化程度的基础上，有效提高使用测深法测试布氏硬度的精度。

Through the principle of rapid measurement of cast iron’s Brinell hardness which was based on depth measuring method, the factors which affected the measurement accuracy were analyzed. Compared to empirical data and standard sample method, the scheme of using inspection samples was used to collect the original data. Then amounts of actual sample tests were taken to verify the original conversion table of indentation depth and hardness. By the hardness comparison of indentation depth measuring and optical indentation diameter measuring, the cause and the solution of error were analyzed. By increasing the data density on both ends of the measuring range and their distribution uniformity, the accuracy of rapid measurement of cast iron’s Brinell hardness could be improved effectively based on keeping the measuring speed and automation level.