为查明某溴化锂制冷机组在化学清洗换热管时出现的穿孔泄漏事故原因,采用宏观检查、理化性能检测、扫描电镜观察与能谱分析以及对机组内的垢样、机组循环水水质分析等方法进行了分析。结果表明，该机组换热管穿孔泄漏的原因是由于该机组缺乏水质处理和维护保养，造成机组管束内出现较多的疏松结垢，从而发生了严重的垢下点腐蚀，导致机组铜管穿孔失效，化学清洗时又加剧了管束的腐蚀泄漏。同时提出了该溴化锂制冷机组的冷却水水质管理和维护保养措施。

A series of detection, such as macroscopic test, physical & chemical property test, scanning electron microscopy observation and energy spectrum analysis, were employed to investigate the leakage resaon for the exchange tube in a lithium bromide refrigeration unit during chemical cleaning. Fouling sample inside the unit and recycled water quality of the unit were also analyzed. The results showed that perforation and leakage of the exchange tube was caused by lacking of water treatment and maintenance of the unit, which further gave rise to more loosening and fouling inside the tube bundle of the unit, and thus serious under-fouling pitting occurred, consequently, perforation and failure of the copper tube of the unit happened, besides, such corrosion and leakage was further aggravated due to chemical cleaning. Some measures for the management of cooling water quality and the maintenance of lithium bromide refrigeration unit were recommended.