以拜耳法赤泥为主要原料, 通过添加红土镍矿和焦粉, 在电弧炉中直接进行高温碳热还原反应制得了铁合金, 研究了红土镍矿和焦粉质量分数对铁合金还原率的影响, 以及铁合金的显微组织和硬度。结果表明: 在拜耳法赤泥中添加红土镍矿能够制备含有钛、镍、铬等元素的铁合金; 随着焦粉含量增加, 金属的回收率显著提高; 当红土镍矿的质量分数为35%、焦粉的质量分数为30%时, 铁合金的总回收率可达到84.86%, 铁合金中铁、镍、铬、钛的质量分数分别为84.37%, 1.14%, 2.05%和2.70%, 铁合金为灰口铸铁, 镍和铬固溶在铁基体中, 而钛与碳形成化合物呈块状析出。

High temperature carbonthermic reduction was used to prepare iron alloy in a electric arc furnace by taking Bayer red mud as main materials, as well, adding laterite nickel ore and coke. The effects of laterite nickel ore and coke contents on reduction rate was studied, as well as, microstructure and hardness of the iron alloy. The results show that a iron alloy with Ti, Ni and Cr elements can be prepared by adding laterite nickel ore in Bayer red mud. The reduction rate of metals increases significantly with the increase of coke content. When the content of laterite nickel ore was 35wt%, the content of coke was 30wt%, the total recovery of the iron alloy reached 84.86%, and the content of Fe, Ni, Cr and Ti was 84.37wt%, 1.14wt%, 2.05wt% and 2.70wt%, respectively. The iron alloy was gray iron, in which Ni and Cr were dissolved in the iron matrix, while Ti and C forming compounds precipitated in massive form.