与设计系数较为保守的传统设计相比, 现有设计引进耐凿伤、耐刺穿概念可以更好地了解管道抵御外部损坏的能力。本文介绍国内外管道地区等级划分的背景和分区体系, 阐述外部损坏的失效机制、凿伤、刺穿以及其他损伤类型条件下失效应力与流动应力的关系,提出输气管道新的设计理念, 在满足管道耐划伤和耐刺穿条件下, 对于大管径基于传统设计方法的管道来说, 目前使用的壁厚偏于保守, 对于小直径管道来说, 目前使用的壁厚在某些情况下太小。总的来说, 引进这个概念一般可以明显节省钢材使用量, 从而带来经济效益, 并更好地保证管道安全。

Compared with traditional design of which design coefficient is conservative, current design introduces scratch resistance and puncture resistance concepts to better understand the capacity of pipeline withstanding external damage. This article introduces background of differentiation of location class domestic and overseas, elaborates failure mechanism of external damage and relationship of failure stress and flowing stress under conditions of scratch, puncture and other damage type, presents new design principle of gas transmission pipeline. Considering pipeline meeting the requirement of scratch and puncture resistance, the wall thickness for large diameter pipeline designed by traditional method is more conservative while the wall thickness for small one is much less. Generally, introducing the concept could save the quantity of steel using obviously, bring economic benefits and ensure pipeline safety better.