某超临界电站锅炉送风机叶片的断裂原因分析
Causes Analysis on Fracture of One Forced Draft Fan Blade of One Supercritical Power Station Boiler
摘 要
某火电厂超临界锅炉在运行中发生送风机叶片断裂事故。运用宏观检验、金相检验、硬度测试、断口微区分析的方法，对断裂的送风机叶片进行了综合检测分析。结果表明：由于送风机叶片表面及内部存在大量的铸造缺陷，尤其是从铸造缩孔延伸出来的裂纹，极大地降低了叶片的抗疲劳性能;在叶片长期旋转的循环载荷作用下，铸造缺陷处形成的裂纹成为疲劳源，并逐渐扩展直至叶片最终断裂。
断裂
铸造缺陷
疲劳
forced draft fan blade
fracture
casting flaw
fatigue
Abstract
A forced draft fan blade of one power plant fractured when the supercritical boiler was running. The fractured forced draft fan was detected and analyzed synthetically by means of macrographic inspection, metallographic inspection, hardness test, and fracture microzone analysis. The results show that there were many casting flaws in surface and body of the blade, especially the cracks which extended from shrinkages pipes seriously reduced the anti-fatigue capacity of the blade. The fatigue sources originated from the positions of casting flaws would extend under long period cycle load until the blade was broken.
中图分类号 TK223.6 TG136 TG115.2 DOI 10.11973/lhjy-wl201607010
所属栏目 质量控制与失效分析
基金项目
收稿日期 2015/10/12
修改稿日期
网络出版日期
作者单位点击查看
备注张 涛（1982-），男，高级工程师，工学硕士，主要从事电力设备的失效分析和安全性评估工作
引用该论文: ZHANG Tao,CHEN Zhi-jun,WANG Wen-hao,SHEN Xin-wei. Causes Analysis on Fracture of One Forced Draft Fan Blade of One Supercritical Power Station Boiler[J]. Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis part A:Physical Testing, 2016, 52(7): 479～483
张 涛,陈志军,王文豪,沈新伟. 某超临界电站锅炉送风机叶片的断裂原因分析[J]. 理化检验－物理分册, 2016, 52(7): 479～483
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【9】蹇海根,姜锋,文康,等.不同应力下7B04铝合金的疲劳断口［J］.中南大学学报,2010,41（1）：132-137.
【10】张涛,高云鹏,田峰,等.电站汽动给水泵0Cr13Ni4Mo不锈钢主轴断裂失效分析［J］.理化检验-物理分册，2015,51（10）：725-729.
【11】BORREGE L P,COSTA J M,FERREIRA J M.Fatigue crack growth in thin aluminium alloy sheets under loading sequences with periodic overloads［J］.Thin-walled Structures,2005(43):772-788.
【12】王荣滨.铸造铝合金缺陷分析与热处理工艺研究［J］.铸造技术,2008,29(4):524-527.
【13】KOUTIRI I,BELLETT D,MOREL F,et al. A probabilistic model for the high cycle fatigue behaviour of cast aluminium alloys subject to complex loads［J］.International Journal of Fatigue,2013,47:137-147.
【14】陈国桢,肖柯则,姜不居.铸件缺陷和对策手册［M］.北京:机械工业出版社,1996.
【15】孙业赞,厉松春,张国强,等.液态ZL101Al合金吸氢特性的研究［J］.金属学报,1999,35(9):939-941.
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【17】王杰芳,谢敬佩,刘忠侠,等.国外铝硅活塞合金的研究及应用评述［J］.铸造,2005,54(1):24-27.
【18】WANG J,HE S,SUN B,et al. Grain refinement of Al-Si alloy (A356) by melt thermal treatment［J］.Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2003,141(1):29-34.
【19】LIAO H,SUN Y,SUN G.Correlation between mechanical properties and amount of dendritic α-Al phase in as-cast near-eutectic Al-11.6%Si alloys modified with strontium［J］.Materials Science and Engineering,2002,335(1):62-66.
【20】BORREGO L P,COSTA J M,ANTUNES F V,et al. Fatigue crack growth in heat-treated aluminium alloys［J］. Engineering Failure Analysis,2010,17:11-18.
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