大型硬度计主要用于大型铸锻件的现场硬度检测。介绍了国内外典型大型硬度计的原理、结构、性能、操作方法、主要特点及技术参数。结果表明: 摇臂式硬度计, 以手动或半自动方式工作, 主要用于检测单件或小批量大型工件;门式硬度计以手动、半自动或全自动方式工作, 既可用于单件或小批量大型工件的检测, 也可用于批量大中型工件的检测;其中自动门式硬度计的检测效率较高, 可用于批量工件的逐件检测;以自动门式硬度计为核心, 配上打磨、上下料、压紧及输送装置, 并且增加远程通信功能, 可以构成一套在线自动硬度检测系统。

Large hardness testers are mainly applied in field hardness testing of large scale casting and forging parts. The principle, structure, performance, operation method and main feature and technical parameters of typical large hardness testers at home and abroad were introduced. The results show that the rocker type hardness testers which work in manual or semi-automatic manner are mainly applied in testing the hardness of one piece or small quantity large scale workpieces. The bridge type hardness testers work in manual, semi-automatic or fully automatic manner, and they could be applied not only in testing the hardness of one piece or small quantity large scale workpieces, but also in testing the hardness of batches of large scale or medium scale workpieces. The automatic bridge type hardness testers have the feature of high efficiency, and could be applied in testing quantity workpieces one by one. As the center, assembled with functions of workpiece polishing, feeding, blanking, compressing,conveying and telecommunication device, the automatic bridge type hardness tester could become an on-line automatic hardness testing system.