从铁磁性材料的基本特性出发, 利用热力学准则和磁致伸缩方程, 研究了金属磁记忆检测技术的原理和激发磁记忆的条件, 分析了漏磁场的形成原因及其分布规律, 讨论了应力、极化场和材料性能对磁记忆现象的不同影响, 解释了地磁场的作用和漏磁场垂直分量过零点的物理原因, 提出了从磁记忆磁场中提取缺陷或潜在缺陷信息的方法, 强调了磁场分布的相对差别或相对变化对磁记忆检测的重要性。

This paper investigated principles of magnetic memory detection techniques and the fundamental conditions of excitation of magnetic memory based on the properties of ferromagnetic material, thermodynamic criterion and magnetostriction equation. It also analyzed causes of magnetic leakage field and its distribution characteristics and discussed reactions of magnetic memory to stress, polarization field and the material properties. The role of geomagnetic field and the physical causes of zero crossing of the vertical component of magnetic leakage field were explained; A method of the detection of defects or potential defect signal was proposed and the importance of the relative discrepancy or variation of the distribution of magnetic field to the magnetic memory detection was emphasized.