向Al-Si钎料中添加质量分数为0.1%~7.0%的锌粉, 采用电弧炉熔炼法和单辊熔体快淬法制备了普通和急冷Al-Si-Zn钎料, 并用这两种钎料对304不锈钢和6063铝合金进行钎焊, 研究了这两种钎料的组织、抗拉强度以及钎焊接头的抗剪强度。结果表明: 随着锌粉添加量增加, 两种钎料的润湿角均减小; 与普通钎料相比, 急冷钎料的晶粒更加细小, 组织更加均匀; 当添加锌粉的质量分数为0.5%~3%时, Al-Si-Zn相呈弥散状, 钎料强度较高; 当添加锌粉的质量分数超过3%后, Al-Si-Zn相呈聚集状, 钎料强度较低; 成分相同时, 急冷钎料的抗拉强度及接头的强度都高于普通钎料的; 但急冷钎料仍为细晶结构而非非晶结构, 其组织仍有待改善。

Adding Zn powders(mass fraction was 0.1%-7.0%) into Al-Si filler metal, and then ordinary and fast-cooling Al-Si-Zn filler metals were prepared by using arc-melting method and rapid solidification method of single roller. 304 stainless steel and 6063 aluminum were brazed by using the two filler metals. The microstructure and tensile strength of the filler metals, and shear strength of two brazed joints were studied. The results show that wetting angle of the two filler metals increased as Zn powders addition amounts increase. Compared with the ordinary filler metal, the grains size of fast-cooling filler metal was finer, and its microstructure was more uniform; when mass fraction of adding Zn powders was 0.5%-3%, the distribution of Al-Si-Zn phase was dispersive, this enhanced tensile strength of the filler metal; when mass fraction of adding Zn powders was over 3%, the tensile strength of the filler metal decreased due to collective Al-Si-Zn. For the filler metals with same composition, the tensile strength of fasr-cooling filler metal was higher, and the shear strength of brazed joint from fast-cooling filler metal was higher,too. But the microstructure of fast-cooling filler metal was still crystal structure instead of amorphous structure, its microstructure still need to be improved.