首先对CrNiX型和304两种奥氏体不锈钢进行室温拉伸和压缩试验, 然后测定两种不锈钢的磁性能, 并对不锈钢中的铁素体数以及不锈钢的显微组织和物相进行了分析。结果表明: 拉伸变形后的CrNiX型不锈钢没有形成典型的磁滞回线, 磁导率为1.0, 剩磁很小, 属于弱磁性材料; 压缩变形后的304不锈钢形成了典型的磁滞回线, 磁导率为1.2, 导磁性能显著增强; 拉伸变形后, CrNiX型不锈钢的显微组织没有发生明显变化, 物相组成也未发生变化; 压缩变形后, 304不锈钢发生单一奥氏体组织的α-Fe相变, 部分变为马氏体组织。

Firstly, tensile and compressive experiments were carried out on CrNiX typed austenite stainless steel and 304 austenite stainless steel at room temperature, and then their magnetic properties were measured. Meanwhile, ferrite number in stainless steel steels, microstructures and phases of stainless steels were analyzed. The results show that, for CrNiX typed stainless steel after tensile deformation, typical magnetic flux rope did not formed, its magneto conductivity was 1.0, residual magnetic intensity was very small; the stainless steel is weak magnetic material after tensile deformation. For 304 stainless steel after compressive deformation, typical magnetic flux rope formed, its magneto conductivity was 1.2; the magnetic conduction properties of the steel increased sharply after compressive deformation. After tensile deformation, the microstructure and phase of CrNiX typed stainless steel had no obvious changes. After compression, austenite of 304 stainless steel transformed to α-Fe, partial austennite changed to martensite.