采用优化工艺参数对AlSi10Mg铝合金进行激光选区熔化（SLM）成形，对平行于和垂直于SLM成形方向的显微组织、拉伸性能、冲击性能以及相对密度进行了对比研究；分析了SLM直接成形不同倾斜角度倾斜面的成形质量。结果表明：平行于SLM成形方向的显微组织与垂直于SLM成形方向的在生长方向上存在差异性；沿垂直于SLM成形方向截取试样的平均抗拉强度、屈服强度、断后伸长率、冲击功分别为364 MPa，303 MPa，6.7%，5.1 J，高于平行于SLM成形方向的；当倾斜角度不大于45°时，倾斜面成形质量较好，当倾斜角度大于50°时，倾斜面下表面出现坍塌现象。

AlSi10Mg alloys were fabricated by the selective laser melting (SLM) with the optimal process parameters. The microstructure, tensile property, impact property and relative density in the directions parallel and perpendicular to SLM forming direction were studied and compared, and the forming quality of SLM formed inclined planes with different inclination angles were also analyzed. The results show that the microstructure in the direction parallel to SLM forming direction was different from that in the direction perpendicular to SLM forming direction. The tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and impact energy of the specimen sampled perpendicular to SLM forming direction was 364 MPa, 303 MPa, 6.7%, 5.1 J, which were higher than that parallel to SLM forming direction; when the inclination angle was less than 45°, the forming quality of the inclined plane was good; the collapsing defects were observed at the bottom of the inclined plane with the inclination angle over 50°.