介绍了铁基粉末冶金零件金相试样的制备工艺及侵蚀液的选用，并利用金相手段分析了几种铁基粉末冶金零件中的缺陷。结果表明：在粉末冶金的混粉、压制、烧结、热处理等过程中，存储及生产工艺不当均会造成零件产生缺陷，通过金相分析的方法检验缺陷件并与正常件进行对比，可找到引起缺陷的根本原因，从而指导生产、提高质量。

Metallographic sample preparation and etchant selection for Fe-based powder metallurgy parts were introduced, and metallographic method was utilized to analyze some defects in Fe-based powder metallurgy parts. The results show that:the defects of parts would occur in the process of mixing, compaction, sintering, heat treatment and so on due to improper storage and processing technology; by metallographic analysis and comparison on defect parts and normal parts, root causes for defects could be concluded and used for processing guidance and quality improvement.