针对服役态In783高温合金和1Cr11Co3W3NiMoVNbNB钢螺栓紧固件，分别测试在抛光态与打磨态下螺栓端部和腰部的布氏硬度H_BW及由里氏硬度换算的布氏硬度H_LD→B，并结合显微组织分析研究了该两种材料螺栓在不同测试条件下不同部位的H_BW与H_LD→B的差异。结果表明：两种材料螺栓同一部位抛光态的硬度均略大于打磨态的；同一测试条件下，螺栓端部的硬度均大于腰部的；In783高温合金螺栓同一部位打磨态测得的H_LD→B与抛光态测得的H_BW存在明显的差异，前者偏低约4%，需要在现场检测时按上述比例补偿该差值；1Cr11Co3W3NiMoVNbNB钢螺栓抛光态测得的H_BW与打磨态测得的H_LD→B关系为H_BW=1.06~1.10H_LD→B，采用里氏硬度换算获取的该低碳高合金钢布氏硬度与实测布氏硬度相比仍为负偏差。

The Brinell hardness (H_BW) and the Brinell hardness converted from the tested Leeb hardness (H_LD→B) of as-serviced In783 high-temperature alloy and 1Cr11Co3W3NiMoVNbNB steel bolt fasteners were tested at heads and waists respectively under different conditions (polishing state and grinding state), and the difference between H_BW and H_LD→B at different parts and under different conditions were studied combined with the microstructure observation. The results show that at the same test position (head or waist) of the two bolts, the hardnesses of the polished samples were higher than those of the ground ones. Under the same test condition (polishing or grinding), the hardnesses of the bolt heads were higher than those of the waists. The H_LD→B (grinding state) of the In783 high-temperature alloy bolt were evidently different from the H_BW (polishing state) at the same part, and the former was about 4% reduction. This error needed compensating when field test. The relationship between H_BW (polishing state) and H_LD→B (grinding state) of the 1Cr11Co3W3NiMoVNbNB steel bolt was H_BW=1.06-1.10H_LD→B, which indicated that for the low-carbon and high-alloy steel there was also a negative deviation compared H_LD→B to the actual tested H_BW.