通过宏观检验、室温拉伸试验、金相检验、硬度试验等方法对某600 MW超临界电站锅炉末级过热器管发生爆裂的原因进行了分析。结果表明：该爆裂管经历过长期超温运行，组织老化严重，产生蠕变孔洞并连接形成裂纹，最终导致其在最薄弱的弯头外弧面处发生爆裂。

The bursting failure reasons of the final-stage superheater tube in a 600 MW ultra-supercritical boiler were analyzed through the methods of macro inspection, tensile test at room temperature, metallographic examination, hardness test, etc. The results show that the bursting tube experienced long-term overheating, the microstructure was seriously aged, and creep holes formed and connected to cracks, which finally resulted in the bursting at the weakest position of the elbow outside arc surface.