利用超声波检测铸件的中心区和边缘区缺陷，对铸件上不同缺陷的回波波形进行对比分析，并对缺陷部位进行解剖验证。结果表明，采用不同型号的探头从不同方向对铸件检测时，要结合铸造工艺、缺陷特征、缺陷波形和底波情况来综合分析、评估缺陷性质，才能提高检测的可靠性，给工艺、管理的改进提供可靠依据。

The defects both in the edge and central areas of the casting products were detected by using ultrasonic testing. Based on the comparative analysis on the echo waveforms of different defects and on the dissection validation of a defect part, it was found that, while detecting the casting parts from different directions and using different types of probes, it was necessary to comprehensively analyze and evaluate the defect through the combination of casting process, the defect characteristics, the defect waveforms and the bottom wave. All the above mentioned measures can raise the inspection accuracy and reliability and provide bases for improving the manage level and product quality.