针对在工业应用中需要动态监测Q345R钢损伤的问题，提出了采用声发射检测技术对其损伤过程进行表征和定量评价。通过建立拉伸测试和声发射检测系统，对制备好的标准拉伸试块进行试验，提取其声发射信号特征参数，对照拉伸载荷图，分别进行特征参数历程图、累积量分析以及定量评价研究。试验结果表明，两种特征参数的分析方法都能对Q345R钢拉伸损伤过程的各个力学行为阶段进行表征，而且累积量分析能更准确清晰地区分各个力学行为阶段的分界点，为材料的定量评价提供参考依据。

In order to meet the needs of dynamic monitoring for Q345R steel in industrial applications, acoustic emission (AE) test technology was proposed to characterize and quantitatively evaluate the damage process. Through the establishment of tensile test and AE test system, standard tensile experiments are tested. The characteristic parameters of acoustic emission signals are extracted, and then by referring to the tensile loading chart, the characteristic parameters course diagram, the analysis of the cumulative quantity and quantitative evaluation are respectively studied. The experimental results show that the two parameters analysis methods can all characterize the mechanical behavior of tensile damage process, and accumulation analysis can be more accurate and clear demarcation point of the mechanical behavior of each stage, which can provide a reference basis for the quantitative evaluation of materials.