快速溶剂萃取-红外分光光度法测定低含量油污染土壤中总石油烃的含量
Determination of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Low Oil Contaminated Soil by Infrared Spectrophotometry with Accelerated Solvent Extraction
摘 要
研究快速溶剂萃取对低含量油污染土壤中总石油烃的萃取效果，并与索氏提取、超声萃取、微波萃取进行比较。制备了模拟污染样品，并以单因素和正交试验优化快速溶剂萃取条件，红外分光光度法测定石油烃含量。结果表明快速溶剂萃取低含量油污染土壤中总石油烃的最佳条件为：压力为1.03×107Pa时，萃取15 min，萃取温度100℃，循环4次，氮气吹扫45 s，萃取剂为丙酮-二氯甲烷（1+1）混合液。按上述方法对不同污灌年限的土壤进行总石油烃含量测定，得到新疆某污灌区土壤中石油烃的质量分数为211.05~389.50 mg·kg-1，测定值的相对标准偏差（n=5）为2.3%~6.4%。
快速溶剂萃取
总石油烃
土壤
infrared spectrophotometry
accelerated solvent extraction
total petroleum hydrocarbons
soil
Abstract
The extraction of total petroleum hydrocarbons from low oil contaminated soil by acceterated solvent extraction (ASE) was studied and compared with Soxhlet extraction, ultrasonic extraction and microwave extraction. The simulated pollution samples were prepared, and the ASE conditions were optimized by single factor and orthogonal experiments, and the petroleum hydrocarbons were determined by infrared spectrophotometry. The results showed that the optimal ASE conditions of total petroleum hydrocarbons in low oil contaminated soil were:pressure of 1.03×107Pa, extraction time of 15 min, extraction temperature of 100℃, circulating extraction for 4 times, nitrogen blowing for 45 s, extraction agent of acetone-dichloromethane (1+1) mixed solvent. The total petroleum hydrocarbons in soil under different irrigation years were determined by the above method. The range of mass fraction of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil in a sewage irrigation area of Xinjiang was 211.05-389.50 mg·kg-1, with RSDs (n=5) in the range of 2.3%-6.4%.
中图分类号 O657.33 DOI 10.11973/lhjy-hx201804004
所属栏目 试验与研究
基金项目 乌鲁木齐市科技局应用开发研究计划项目（Y141310018）；新疆维吾尔自治区大学生创新训练项目（201610762038）
收稿日期 2017/4/4
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备注马晓利,博士,讲师,主要从事环境污染化学分析的研究
引用该论文: MA Xiaoli,SU Lina,PANG Lin,WANG Linlin,CHEN Ping. Determination of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Low Oil Contaminated Soil by Infrared Spectrophotometry with Accelerated Solvent Extraction[J]. Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis part B:Chemical Analysis, 2018, 54(4): 388～392
马晓利,苏丽娜,庞林,王林林,陈平. 快速溶剂萃取-红外分光光度法测定低含量油污染土壤中总石油烃的含量[J]. 理化检验－化学分册, 2018, 54(4): 388～392
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【3】任磊,黄廷林.土壤的石油污染[J].农业环境保护, 2000,19(6):360-363.
【4】ADEBIYI F M, OLUYEMI E A, ADEYEMI A F, et al. A measurement of selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in petroleum product contaminated soils using a gas chromatograph[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology, 2015,33(1):62-71.
【5】COUTO M N, BORGES J R, GUEDES P, et al. An improved method for the determination of petroleum hydrocarbons from soil using a simple ultrasonic extraction and fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology, 2014,32(4):426-432.
【6】欧阳勋,陈家玮,张小岗.超临界CO2流体萃取土壤中污染物的应用研究进展[J].地质通报, 2010,29(11):1655-1661.
【7】王小雨,冯江,王静.莫莫格湿地油田开采区土壤石油烃污染及对土壤性质的影响[J].环境科学, 2009,30(8):2394-2401.
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【10】SINGH S K, SRIVASTAVA R K, JOHN S. Settlement characteristics of clayey soils contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons[J]. Soil and Sediment Contamination, 2008,17(3):290-300.
【11】杨慧娟,刘五星,骆永明,等.气相色谱-质谱法分段测定土壤中的可提取总石油烃[J].土壤, 2014,46(1):134-138.
【12】REUBEN N O, ABDUL M M. Determination of total petroleum hydrocarbon(TPH) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) in soils:A review of spectroscopic and non-spectroscopic techniques[J]. Applied Spectroscopy Reviews, 2013,48(6):458-486.
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