润滑油脂的质量直接决定了运动部件的工作寿命，阐述了润滑油与润滑脂的作用特点和评价检验的意义，总结并概括了润滑油和润滑脂的评价检验内容及推荐的测定方法标准。结果表明：运动部件所处环境、运动模式、接触形式具有多样性，润滑油脂的种类、成分、性状亦各有不同，选取最接近于实际工作状态的试验参数，以及最适合润滑油脂类型的测试方法，是润滑油脂评价检验的关键。

The quality of lubricating oil and grease directly determines the working life of the moving parts. The characteristics of lubricating oil and grease and the significance of evaluation and inspection were expounded. The content of evaluation and inspection of lubricating oil and grease and the recommended test method standards were summarized. The results show that the environment, movement mode and contact form of the moving parts are varied, and the kinds, components and properties of the lubricating oil and grease are also different. Therefore, selecting the test parameters which are most close to the actual working conditions and the most suitable test methods for lubricating oil and grease type is the key to the evaluation and inspection of lubricating oil and grease.