Corrosion Failure Reason of the Overhead Lightning Rod in a Transformer Substation
摘 要
针对变电站构架避雷针普遍出现锈蚀失效这一现象,采用扫描电镜、离子色谱、X射线衍射及电化学测试等手段,观察了避雷针的腐蚀形貌,分析了锈样成分,考察了其电化学特性,进而剖析避雷针的腐蚀过程及失效原因。结果表明:避雷针外壁腐蚀轻微,但中空的内壁发生严重锈蚀,腐蚀破坏是由内向外发展的。雨水由焊接缺陷点渗入且不易排出,导致避雷针内壁长时间处于潮湿环境,是诱发内壁基材高速腐蚀的主因;而生成的Fe3O4锈层具有大阴极作用,可促进基体腐蚀,从而进一步加快了内壁失效速率。避雷针腐蚀失效集中于内壁,具有很强的隐蔽性,需引起足够重视。
Abstract
In order to solve the corrosion failure problem of lightning rod in a transformer substation, scanning electron microscopy, ion chromatography, X-ray diffraction and electrochemical tests were used to observe the corrosion morphology of the lightning rod and to analyze the rust components and their electrochemical properties. The results showed that the outer wall of the lightning rod was slightly corroded, but the inner wall of the hollow lightning rod was seriously corroded, and the corrosion damage developed from the inside to the outside. Rainwater infiltrated into welding defects and could not be easily discharged, resulting in the inner wall of the lightning rod being in a damp environment for a long time, which was the main cause of the high-speed corrosion of the inner wall substrate. Fe3O4 rust layer had a large cathodic effect and could promote corrosion of the matrix, further accelerating the inner wall failure rate. Corrosion failure of lightning rod was focused on the inner wall with strong concealment, where enough attention should be paid.
中图分类号 TM862 DOI 10.11973/fsyfh-201807016
所属栏目 失效分析
基金项目 杭州意能电力技术有限公司科技项目(EPRD2016-03);国家电网科技项目(ZDK/GW001-2012;5211DS14005D)
收稿日期 2016/8/21
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引用该论文: HU Jiayuan,XIA Qiaoqun,JIANG Jiongting,TANG Zhi,SUN Xiaoqing. Corrosion Failure Reason of the Overhead Lightning Rod in a Transformer Substation[J]. Corrosion & Protection, 2018, 39(7): 566
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【5】袁东. 离子色谱法同时测定雨水中5种阴离子研究[J]. 安徽农业科学,2010,38(14):7412-7413.
【6】RAHMOUNI K,KEDDAM M,SRHIRI A,et al. Corrosion of copper in 3% NaCl solution polluted by sul phide ions[J]. Corrosion Science,2005,47(47):3249-3266.
【7】查方林,冯兵,徐松. 同材料三电极体系研究接地网材料土壤腐蚀[J]. 腐蚀与防护,2014,35(9):907-911.
【8】邹妍,王佳,郑莹莹. 锈层下碳钢的腐蚀电化学行为特征[J]. 物理化学学报,2010,26:2361-2368.
【9】ZOU Y,WANG J,ZHENG Y Y. Electrochemical techniques for determining corrosion rate of rusted steel in seawater[J]. Corrosion Science,2011,53:208-216.
【10】胡家元,曹顺安,谢建丽. 锈层对海水淡化一级反渗透产水中碳钢腐蚀行为的影响[J]. 物理化学学报,2012,28(5):1153-1162.
【11】甘绍凤,刘峥,张菁,等. 自组装席夫碱缓蚀膜在油田水中对碳钢的缓蚀行为[J]. 腐蚀与防护,2016,37(3):195-201.
【12】YADAV A P,NISHIJATA A,TSURU T. Electrochemical impedance study on galvanized steel corrosion under cyclic wet-dry conditions-influence of time of wetness[J]. Corrosion Science,2004,46(1):169-181.
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【14】HU J Y,CAO S A,YIN L,et al. Electrochemical study on the corrosion of rusted carbon steel in dilute NaCl solutions[J]. Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials,2014,61(3):139-145.
【15】KAMIMURA T,HARA S,MIYUKI,et al. Composition and protective ability of rust layer formed on weathering steel exposed to various environments[J]. Corrosion Science,2006,48:2799-2812.
【16】HOERLE S,MAZAUDIER F,DILLMANN P,et al. Advances in understanding atmospheric corrosion of iron. Ⅱ Mechanistic modeling of wet-dry cycles[J]. Corrosion Science,2004,46(6):1431-1465.
【17】孙敏,肖葵,董超芳,等. 带腐蚀产物超高强度钢的电化学行为[J]. 金属学报,2011(4):442-448.
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