通过电子探针、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、摩擦磨损试验机等研究了3种成分复杂黄铜的摩擦磨损性能和显微组织的关系。结果表明：复杂黄铜的磨损机制和基体组织有较大的关系，基体组织为β+α相时，其磨损机制主要为黏着磨损，基体组织为单一β相时，其磨损机制主要为磨粒磨损；基体组织对复杂黄铜摩擦磨损性能的影响更大，基体组织为β+α相时的磨损率明显低于基体组织为单一β相的，基体组织为单一β相时，含Fe₃Al硬质相的复杂黄铜的摩擦磨损性能优于含Mn₅Si₃硬质相的。

The relation between the friction and wear properties and microstructure of three kinds of special brass with different composition was studied by electron probe microanalysis, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and friction and wear testing. The results show that the wear mechanism of special brass was closely related to the matrix phase. The wear mechanism of the special brass with β+α phase was mainly adhesive wear, and that of the special brass with single β phase was mainly abrasive wear. The matrix structure had a greater influence on the friction and wear properties of the special brass. The wear rate of the special brass with β+α phase was obviously smaller than that with single β phase. The wear resistance of special brass containing Fe₃Al hard phase was better than that containing Mn₅Si₃ hard phase when the matrix structure was composed of single β phase.