从引伸计、试验机、试样制备、试验温度要求、试验速率等5个方面对比分析了日本、中国、俄罗斯、欧盟、美国等国家和地区拉伸试验标准的差异，可知在引伸计、试样尺寸、试验速率上各标准之间差别较大。美国ASTM标准相对其他标准对引伸计的要求更为严格，俄罗斯GOST标准不使用引伸计；各标准对试样尺寸和参数的设置要求也不尽相同；只有日本JIS标准在试验速率方面考虑了材料弹性模量的特性。通过各标准的对比分析，希望为以后实际的生产及试验检验过程中准确地理解和运用标准起到指导作用。

The differences of the standards of JIS, GB, GOST, RCCM and ASTM were compared and analyzed from five aspects of extensometer, test machine, sample preparation, test temperature requirement, test rate and so on. It is known that there were great differences in extensometer, sample size and test rate. ASTM standard is more stringent than other standards for extensometer, GOST standard does not use extensometer; the requirements of standards for the size and parameters of the sample are different; only the JIS standard in the test rate directly consider the properties of the modulus of elasticity of material. Through the comparative analysis of the various standards, it is hoped that it will play a guiding role in the accurate understanding and application of the actual production and testing process in the future.