建立了同时测定鱼肉中5种麻醉剂（苯佐卡因、利多卡因、普鲁卡因、普莫卡因、丁卡因）残留量的QuEChERS提取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法。称取试样5.000 g，加入10 mL乙腈和QuEChERS提取试剂包（含4 g MgSO₄和1 g NaCl），涡旋振荡5 min，以9 000 r·min^-1转速离心4 min，吸取上层提取液5 mL，加入QuEChERS净化试剂包（含150 mg N-丙基乙二胺和150 mg C₁₈），涡旋振荡3 min，以9 000 r·min^-1转速离心4 min，取部分上清液过0.22 μm有机滤膜，移取200 μL滤液和800 μL 0.1%（体积分数，下同）甲酸溶液混合。以Thermo RP-MS色谱柱（150 mm×3 mm，2.6 μm）为固定相，乙腈-0.1%甲酸溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱，质谱分析中选择电喷雾正离子源和多反应监测模式。采用基质匹配标准溶液消除基质效应，以外标法定量。5种麻醉剂的质量浓度在5.0~100 μg·L^-1内对应的峰面积呈线性关系，检出限（3S/N）为0.05~0.3 μg·kg^-1。加标回收率为71.0%~102%，测定值的相对标准偏差（n=6）为1.8%~9.8%。

A method of high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry combined with QuEChERS extraction was developed for the simultaneous determination of 5 anesthetic residues, including benzocaine, lidocaine, procaine, pramocaine and tetracainein, in fish. 10 mL of acetonitrile and QuEChERS extraction reagent package (containing 4 g of MgSO₄ and 1 g of NaCl) were added to 5.000 g of sample, and the mixture was vortexed for 5 min, then centrifuged at 9 000 r·min^-1 for 4 min. 5 mL of the upper extract was added to QuEChERS purification reagent package (containing 150 mg of PSA and 150 mg of C₁₈), and the mixture was vortexed for 3 min, then centrifuged at 9 000 r·min^-1 for 4 min. A portion of the supernatant was taken and filtrated through a 0.22 μm organic filter, and 200 μL of the filtrate was mixted with 800 μL of 0.1% (φ) formic acid solution. A Thermo RP-MS column (150 mm×3 mm, 2.6 μm) was used as the stationary phase, and the mixture of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid solution was used as the mobile phase for gradient elution. Electrospray positive ion source and multi-reaction monitoring mode were selected for mass spectrometry analysis. Matrix effect was eliminated using matrix-matched standard solutions and external standard method was used for quantification. Linear relationships were found between peak areas and mass concentration of the 5 anesthetics in the same range of 5.0-100 μg·L^-1, and the detection limits (3S/N) were 0.05-0.3 μg·kg^-1. Values of recovery obtained by standard addition method were in the range of 71.0%-102%, and RSDs (n=6) were in the range of 1.8%-9.8%.