采用微观形貌观察，电化学方法等研究了热处理温度对430不锈钢敏化的影响以及敏化对430不锈钢在腐蚀液中铬离子析出量的影响。结果表明：热处理温度为800~900℃时，随着温度的上升试样的敏化度增加，并在约900℃最为严重，继续升高热处理温度，试样晶粒长大，单位晶间腐蚀面积变小，敏化度降低。试样在酸性无氯或含氯中性溶液中，其敏化度的高低对铬析出量影响甚小，而在酸性含氯溶液中，铬离子析出量大且随其敏化度的增大而升高。敏化试样浸泡首日的铬离子析出量较多，随着时间的延长，不同溶液中铬离子的析出总量都有不同程度的累计上升，但日均上升幅度却不尽相同。溶液温度的上升，均会加速敏化试样在腐蚀溶液中的腐蚀，使得铬离子析出量增大。

The effect of heat treatment temperature on the sensitization of 430 stainless steel and the effect of sensitization on the precipitation of 430 stainless steel in corrosive solutions were investigated by microscopic observation and electrochemical methods. The results show that when the heat treatment temperature was 800-900 ℃, the sensitization degree of the sample increased with the increase of temperature, and it was most serious at about 900 ℃. Continue to increase the heat treatment temperature, the sample grain growed, the intergranular corrosion area became smaller, and the sensitization degree decreased. In acidic chlorine-free or chlorine-containing neutral solutions, the sensitization degree of the sample had little effect on the amount of chromium precipitation. In acidic chloride-containing solution, the amount of chromium ion precipitated was large and increased with the increase of sensitization degree. The amount of chromium ion precipitated on the first day of sensitization of the sample was relatively high. With the extension of time, the total amount of chromium ion in different solutions increased cumulatively, but the daily average increase was not the same. The rise of solution temperature accelerated the corrosion of sensitized sample in corrosive solutions, so that the amount of chromium ion precipitation increased.