针对压力管道对接焊缝容易出现的5类典型缺陷（未焊透、未熔合、夹渣、裂纹、气孔），采用CIVA软件进行了超声相控阵检测仿真，确定了检测工艺，同时采用以色列ISONIC 2010相控阵设备对含有这5类缺陷的模拟试管进行了现场检测，并与CIVA仿真结果进行了比对，分析了5类缺陷的波形特征。结果表明：CIVA仿真能较好地指导检测工艺的制定，按与现场检测结果的吻合度依次为：未熔合、未焊透、夹渣、气孔、裂纹，相控阵检测可以在一定程度上代替射线检测。

Aiming at five kinds of typical defects of butt weld of pressure pipeline (incomplete penetration, incomplete fusion, slag inclusion, cracks and pores), the ultrasonic phased array detection simulation was carried out by using CIVA software, and the detection process was determined. At the same time, Israeli ISONIC 2010 phased array device was used to conduct field test on the simulated test tubes containing these five kinds of defects, and the results were compared with the CIVA simulation results to analyze the wave form characteristics of the five kinds of defects. The results show that the CIVA simulation could better guide the development of the detection process, and the extent of agreement with the field test results is as follows: incomplete fusion, incomplete penetration, slag inclusion, pores, cracks, and the phased array testing could replace the ray detection to some extent.