利用磷酸、硝酸、氧化锌等制备了磷化液，通过硫酸铜点滴试验优化了游离酸度、总酸度、磷化温度、磷化时间等具体工艺参数。利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、接触角测量仪和酸碱腐蚀试验研究了磷化膜的微观形貌、润湿性和耐酸碱腐蚀性。结果表明：磷化工艺的最佳工艺参数为游离酸度17.8 mg/g、总酸度93 mg/g、磷化温度60℃、磷化时间5 min；在最佳工艺参数下制备的磷化膜结构致密、均匀，由片状磷酸盐晶体组成，具有一定疏水性和很好的耐酸碱腐蚀性。

Phosphating solution was prepared using phosphoric acid,nitric acid and zinc oxide.The process parameters of free acidity,total acidity,phosphating temperature and phosphating time were optimized by copper sulfate drop test.The microstructure,wettability and acid and alkali corrosion resistance of phosphating film were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),contact angle measuring and acid and alkali corrosion testing.The results show that the optimum process parameters for phosphating were free acidity of 17.8 mg/g,total acidity of 93 mg/g,phosphating temperature of 60℃,and phosphating time of 5 min.The phosphating film prepared under the optimum process parameters was dense and uniform,composed of flaky phosphate crystals,with a certain hydrophobicity and good corrosion resistance to acid and alkali.