通过建立残余应力洞数学模型，引入残余应力洞的相对洞深、相对洞宽及应力损失比等概念，采用经过试验验证的有限元模型来定量分析激光冲击能量（1.0～3.0 J）、光斑直径（1.0～3.0 mm）、冲击次数（1～5次）、光斑搭接率（30%～70%）等工艺参数对残余应力洞的影响。结果表明：在研究的工艺参数范围内，由残余应力洞所造成的应力损失比都很小，都小于3%，相对洞宽均小于20%，而相对洞深的变化范围较大，为0~70%，相对洞深是影响表面残余应力分布均匀性的主要因素；为改善表面残余应力分布的均匀性，当单个残余应力洞的相对洞深超过10%时，应采用光斑搭接方式进行冲击强化，且相邻光斑中心的距离应等于残余应力洞的洞口半径。

The concepts of relative cave depth, relative cave width and stress loss ratio of residual stress cave were introduced by establishment of the residual stress cave math model. The effect of shock energy (1.0-3.0 J), spot diameter (1.0-3.0 mm), shock number (1-5 times) and spot overlap ratio (30%-70%) on residual stress cave was quantitatively analyzed by finite element model verified by experiment. The results show that stress loss ratios caused by residual stress cave were all very small, which were all less than 3%; relative cave widths were all less than 20%; the variation range of relative cave depths was large, which was 0-70%, and relative cave depth was the main factor to affect the uniformity of surface residual stress. In order to improve the uniformity of surface residual stress, when the relative cave depth of single residual stress cave was more than 10%, the spot overlap method should be used to shock peening, and the distance between two neighbouring spot center should be equal to the opening radius of the residual stress cave.