介绍了用于定性判断冲击试验机失准类型的观察挤压痕法。该方法可以在冲击试验机失准时，定性判断出多种失准的类型，如砧座过度磨损、砧座不均匀磨损、砧座表面粗糙度超差、砧座有缺口、摆杆弯曲、试样不对中和冲击刃不对中等。该方法容易掌握、操作简便、实用性强，可用于冲击试验机的日常检查，并可作为实验室的日常质量控制手段之一加以推广应用。

A method of observing gouge mark for judging the misalignment type of impact testing machine was introduced. The method can be used for qualitatively judging the type of misalignment when the testing machine is out of accuracy, such as over worn anvil, uneven worn anvil, anvil with excessive surface roughness, chipped anvil, bent pendulum, off-center striker and off-center specimen. The method is easy to learn, simple and practical, and can be used for the routine inspection of impact testing machine. It should be popularized and applied as one of the routine quality control methods in laboratory.