合成闸瓦作为铁道货车的主要制动部件，各国对其制定了不同的标准。以TB/T 2403-2010，UIC 541-4：2010，AAR M-926：2006等标准为例，从样品数量、测试程序及要求、摩擦性能及数据处理3个方面对比分析了国内外各标准的差异。结果表明：国内外标准的规定不尽相同，实际操作过程中国内标准可以适当借鉴国外标准；国内标准对测试程序的条件不严格，修订时可参考AAR M-926：2006，对同一速度级的数据进行取平均值处理；国内标准对中断节点和持续时间未做要求，修订时可参考UIC 541-4：2010；国内标准对洒水试验的测试条件无要求而金属镶嵌判定规则过于严格，修订时可参考UIC 541-4：2010，固定试验条件并对金属镶嵌物进行分类判定。

Composite brake shoe is the main brake component of railway wagon, and many countries have developed different standards for it. Taking TB/T 2403-2010, UIC 541-4:2010, AAR M-926:2006 and other standards as examples, the similarities and differences among above domestic and foreign standards were compared and analyzed from three aspects:sample quantity, test procedure and requirements, friction performance and data processing. The results show that the regulations of national and foreign standards are different, and the foreign standards can be used for reference by national standards in practical operation. The conditions of the test procedure in the national standard are not strict. When revising, the data of the same speed level can be averaged by referring to AAR M-926:2006. There is no requirement for interrupt node and duration in the national standard, and the revision may refer to UIC 541-4:2010. In the national standard, the test conditions of sprinkler test are not required and the judgment rules of metal mosaic are too strict. When revising, the test conditions can be fixed and the metal mosaic can be classified by referring to UIC 541-4:2010.