环境因素对光伏组件表面的损伤及其防护技术的研究现状
Research Progress of Environmental Factors on Surface Damage of PV Modules and Their Protection Technology
摘 要
光伏组件的玻璃表面直接与环境接触，苛刻的环境因素会对其产生不同程度的损伤，从而影响其可靠性，因此根据损伤特征采取针对性防护措施十分重要。将环境因素划分为了陆地环境因素、空间环境因素和海洋环境因素，并详细阐述了不同环境因素对光伏组件玻璃表面造成的损伤特征与规律。在分析损伤机理的过程中概括了各环境因素对光伏组件玻璃表面的损伤形式主要包括两个方面：形成非透明覆盖层和侵蚀玻璃。在此基础上重点介绍了现有的光伏组件表面损伤的防护手段，包括以自清洁涂料为代表的自防护技术和以智能清洁装置为代表的后防护技术，并对防护技术的未来发展做出展望。
光伏组件
防护措施
损伤机理
environmental factor
photovoltaic (PV) module
protective measure
damage mechanism
Abstract
The glass surfaces of photovoltaic (PV) modules are directly in contact with environment, so severe environmental factors can damage them in different degrees, and affect their reliability. Therefore, it is very important to take targeted protective measures according to damage characteristics. The environmental factors are divided into terrestrial environmental factors, spatial environmental factors and marine environmental factors. The damage characteristics and laws of PV module glass surfaces caused by different environmental factors are elaborated. In the process of analyzing damage mechanism, the damage forms of PV module glass surfaces by different environmental factors are summarized mainly including two aspects: the formation of non-transparent cover layer and the erosion of glass. On this basis, the existing methods of protection against damage of PV modules are mainly introduced, including self-protection technology represented by self-cleaning coatings and post-protection technology represented by intelligent cleaning devices, and the future development of protection technology is prospected.
中图分类号 U665.14 DOI 10.11973/fsyfh-202006002
所属栏目 专论
基金项目 国家自然科学基金（51422507；U170920062）
收稿日期 2018/11/25
修改稿日期
网络出版日期
作者单位点击查看
引用该论文: ZHANG Yan,MA Ziyan,YUAN Chengqing,LI Bingkun. Research Progress of Environmental Factors on Surface Damage of PV Modules and Their Protection Technology[J]. Corrosion & Protection, 2020, 41(6): 7
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参考文献
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【2】SHARMA R,WYATT C A,ZHANG J,et al. Experimental evaluation and analysis of electrodynamic screen as dust mitigation technology for future Mars missions[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2009,45(2):591-596.
【3】LIU G,MARSHALL J S. Particle transport by standing waves on an electric curtain[J]. Journal of Electrostatics,2010,68(4):289-298.
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【5】袁成清,赵亮亮,孙玉伟,等. 船用太阳能电池可靠性分析[J]. 船海工程,2010,39(6):129-131.
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【8】SKOPLAKI E,BOUDOUVIS A G,PALYVOS J A. A simple correlation for the operating temperature of photovoltaic modules of arbitrary mounting[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells,2008,92(11):1393-1402.
【9】SKOPLAKI E,PALYVOS J A. Operating temperature of photovoltaic modules:a survey of pertinent correlations[J]. Renewable Energy,2009,34(1):23-29.
【10】范迪飞,董兵海,王世敏,等. 太阳能电池板表面自清洁技术的研究进展[J]. 材料导报,2015,29(19):111-115.
【11】ADINOYI M J,SAID S A M. Effect of dust accumulation on the power outputs of solar photovoltaic modules[J]. Renewable Energy,2013,60:633-636.
【12】CAI C R,ALIPRANTIS D C. Cumulus cloud shadow model for analysis of power systems with photovoltaics[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2013,28(4):4496-4506.
【13】HEGAZY A A. Effect of dust accumulation on solar transmittance through glass covers of plate-type collectors[J]. Renewable Energy,2001,22(4):525-540.
【14】JIANG H,LU L,SUN K. Experimental investigation of the impact of airborne dust deposition on the performance of solar photovoltaic (PV) modules[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2011,45(25):4299-4304.
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【27】张彦,袁成清,孙玉伟,等. 船舶低频振动对光伏组件输出特性的影响研究[J]. 太阳能学报,2016,37(7):1756-1762.
【28】赵亮亮,袁成清,董从林,等. 船用太阳能电池板玻璃盖片腐蚀损伤效应研究[J]. 润滑与密封,2010,35(4):58-61.
【29】AGEEV M D,BLIDBERG D R,JALBERT J,et al. Results of the evaluation and testing of the solar powered AUV and its subsystems[C]//Proceedings of the 2002 Workshop on Autonomous Underwater Vehicles. San Antonio,TX:IEEE,2002.
【30】ZHANG Y W,WEBER W J,WHITLOW H J. Electronic stopping powers for heavy ions in silicon[J]. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms,2004,215(1/2):48-56.
【31】KLAUMVNZER S. Ion tracks in quartz and vitreous silica[J]. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms,2004,225(1/2):136-153.
【32】JENSEN J,RAZPET A,SKUPINSKI M,et al. Ion track formation below 1MeV/U in thin films of amorphous SiO2[J]. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms,2006,243(1):119-126.
【33】张彦,袁成清,张天,等. 海洋环境下太阳能电池玻璃表面清洁方案[J]. 船海工程,2015,44(3):75-77.
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【35】BARTHLOTT W,NEINHUIS C. Purity of the sacred lotus,or escape from contamination in biological surfaces[J]. Planta,1997,202(1):1-8.
【36】NEINHUIS C,BARTHLOTT W. Characterization and distribution of water-repellent,self-cleaning plant surfaces[J]. Annals of Botany,1997,79(6):667-677.
【37】SERPONE N,PELIZZETTI E. Photo catalysis:Fundamentals and applications[M]. New York:Wiley,1989.
【38】徐娟,刘永生,雷伟,等. 多功能太阳电池减反膜研究进展[J]. 硅酸盐通报,2015,34(2):428-432.
【39】MU Q H,LI Y G,WANG H Z,et al. Self-organized TiO2 nanorod arrays on glass substrate for self-cleaning antireflection coatings[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2012,365(1):308-313.
【40】KEMMITT T,AL-SALIM N,WATERLAND M,et al. Photocatalytic titania coatings[J]. Current Applied Physics,2004,4(2/3/4):189-192.
【41】MIN W L,JIANG B,JIANG P. Bioinspired self-cleaning antireflection coatings[J]. Advanced Materials,2008,20(20):3914-3918.
【42】YAMASHITA H,NISHIO S,KATAYAMA I,et al. Photo-induced super-hydrophilic property and photocatalysis on transparent Ti-containing mesoporous silica thin films[J]. Catalysis Today,2006,111(3/4):254-258.
【43】YAO L,HE J H. Broadband antireflective superhydrophilic thin films with outstanding mechanical stability on glass substrates[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemistry,2014,32(6):507-512.
【44】LEE K K,AHN C H. Superhydrophilic multilayer silica nanoparticle networks on a polymer microchannel using a spray layer-by-layer nanoassembly method[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,2013,5(17):8523-8530.
【45】张彦,袁成清,张天,等. 氟碳树脂涂料对太阳能电池板玻璃盖片性能的影响[J]. 涂料工业,2016,46(10):17-20.
【46】YABU H,SHIMOMURA M. Single-step fabrication of transparent superhydrophobic porous polymer films[J]. Chemistry of Materials,2005,17(21):5231-5234.
【47】GAO Y Q,GEREIGE I,EL LABBAN A,et al. Highly transparent and UV-resistant superhydrophobic SiO2-coated ZnO nanorod arrays[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,2014,6(4):2219-2223.
【48】KONG J H,KIM T H,KIM J H,et al. Highly flexible,transparent and self-cleanable superhydrophobic films prepared by a facile and scalable nanopyramid formation technique[J]. Nanoscale,2014,6(3):1453-1461.
【49】李伟彬,孙明轩,李芳,等. 水热法制备MoS2纳米花电极及其电化学性能[J]. 腐蚀与防护,2015,36(10):929-933.
【50】张军斌,王敏,蔡坚勇,等. 一种太阳电池板智能除尘器设计[J]. 太阳能学报,2017,38(8):2228-2234.
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