核电厂水池用不锈钢的腐蚀问题及相关研究
Corrosion of Stainless Steels for Water Pools of Nuclear Power Plants and Relevant Researches
摘 要
综述了国内外压水堆核电厂乏燃料水池和换料水池不锈钢部件在服役环境中的腐蚀问题和相关研究。美国的调查表明这些水池的不锈钢部件存在应力腐蚀开裂、晶间腐蚀、点蚀及缝隙腐蚀等问题，随着电厂老化，这些腐蚀导致的泄漏事件增多。尽管我国核电厂运行时间不久，但某些水池的不锈钢已发生应力腐蚀开裂事件，各种局部腐蚀问题受到关注。从核安全角度来看，有必要进一步开展我国核电厂水池用304L和S32101不锈钢焊接件在混凝土侧等相关服役环境中局部腐蚀行为的研究，理解其与腐蚀环境和材料特性的关系，并提出防护措施。
水池
不锈钢
腐蚀
泄漏
nuclear power plant
water pool
stainless steel
corrosion
leakage
Abstract
The corrosion problems of stainless steel components of water pools including spent fuel pools and refueling cavities in pressurized water reactor (PWR) nuclear power plants in the world and relevant researches are reviewed. Investigations in USA have identified that there are stress corrosion cracking, intergranular corrosion, pitting, crevice corrosion problems in the components. With the ageing of the plants, the leakage events caused by these corrosion problems are increasing. Although the service time of domestic plants has not been long, stress corrosion cracking events have occurred in the stainless steel liners of some water pools, and various localized corrosion issues have attracted more and more attention. From the perspective of nuclear safety, it is necessary to study deeply the localized corrosion in relevant service environments especially concrete side of 304L and S32101 stainless steel welds used in the pools of domestic plants, to understand the relations among the corrosion behavior, corrosion environment and material characteristics, and to develop protective measures.
中图分类号 TG174 DOI 10.11973/fsyfh-202009002
所属栏目 核电设备的腐蚀与防护
基金项目 CAP1400核电站运行和维护技术研究（2015ZX06002005）
收稿日期 2019/9/10
修改稿日期
网络出版日期
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引用该论文: ZHAO Di,LI Guangfu,ZHONG Zhimin. Corrosion of Stainless Steels for Water Pools of Nuclear Power Plants and Relevant Researches[J]. Corrosion & Protection, 2020, 41(9): 10
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参考文献
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【2】KUSTAS F M,BATES S O,OPITZ B E,et al. Investigation of the condition of spent fuel pool components[R]. Richland,Washiongton:Pacific Northwest Laboratory,1981:13-75.
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【10】申罡,应红. 核电站硼酸腐蚀泄露监检测技术[J]. 全面腐蚀控制,2016,30(1):16-19.
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【12】吕国诚,许淳淳,程海东. 304不锈钢应力腐蚀的临界氯离子浓度[J]. 化工进展,2008,27(8):1284-1287.
【13】郑越,雷欣,崔岚,等. 核电厂水池覆面用不锈钢钢板在硼酸水溶液中的点蚀行为[J]. 腐蚀与防护,2017,38(7):491-521.
【14】姚琳,郑越,张洪军,等. 核电厂水池覆面钢板在硼酸溶液中的腐蚀行为[J]. 腐蚀与防护,2018,39(7):525-529.
【15】徐为民,詹静,李成涛,等. 304L不锈钢焊接接头表面状态对其在硼酸溶液中腐蚀行为的影响[J]. 腐蚀与防护,2018,39(6):459-462.
【16】张微啸,李成涛,陈建军,等. 304L不锈钢在硼酸水溶液中的腐蚀行为[J]. 腐蚀与防护,2015,36(1):68-71.
【17】赵迪,李光福,纪开强,等. 304L/ER316L奥氏体不锈钢焊接板的点蚀行为[J]. 腐蚀与防护,2020,41(1):1-8,46.
【18】赵迪,李光福,纪开强,等. 乏燃料池用S32101/ER2209双相不锈钢焊接板点蚀行为[J]. 腐蚀与防护,2019,40(12):861-870.
【19】赵迪. 乏燃料池用不锈钢焊接板的局部腐蚀行为[D]. 北京:机械科学研究总院(上海材料研究所),2019.
【20】彭志珍,唐西明,尹芹. 国内外压水堆核电厂硼酸腐蚀管理调研[J]. 全面腐蚀控制,2014,28(9):21-25.
【2】KUSTAS F M,BATES S O,OPITZ B E,et al. Investigation of the condition of spent fuel pool components[R]. Richland,Washiongton:Pacific Northwest Laboratory,1981:13-75.
【3】BAILEY W,JOHNSON A. Wet storage integrity update[R]. Richland,Washington:Pacific Northwest Laboratory,1983:40-60.
【4】COPINGER D A,OLAND C B,NAUS D J. A summary of aging effects and their management in reactor spent fuel pools,refueling cavities,Tori,and safety-related concrete structures,NUREG/CR-7111[R]. Washington:U.S.NRC,2012:85-93.
【5】尹开锯,洪晓峰,唐睿,等. 秦山第二核电厂1号机组换料水池钢覆面失效分析[C]//中国核动力研究设计院科学技术年报,[出版社不详]:[出版者不详],2012:247-249.
【6】操丰,方江,唐世延,等. 核电厂换料水池304不锈钢覆面开裂原因分析[J]. 核动力工程,2014,35(2):150-153.
【7】张兴田. 核电厂设备典型腐蚀损伤及其防护技术[J]. 腐蚀与防护,2016,37(7):527-533.
【8】CRAPSE K P,KYSER E A. Literature review of boric acid solubility data,SRNL-STI-2011-00578[R]. United States:Savannah River National Laboratory,2011.
【9】KAIN V,AGARWAL K,DE P K,et al. Environmental degradation of materials during wet storage of spent nuclear fuels[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,2000,9(3):317-323.
【10】申罡,应红. 核电站硼酸腐蚀泄露监检测技术[J]. 全面腐蚀控制,2016,30(1):16-19.
【11】张家倍,马琳伟,鲁红权. 核电厂中重要的全面腐蚀——硼酸腐蚀[M]//核电运行技术支持基础及应用. 上海:上海科学技术出版社,2010:144-149.
【12】吕国诚,许淳淳,程海东. 304不锈钢应力腐蚀的临界氯离子浓度[J]. 化工进展,2008,27(8):1284-1287.
【13】郑越,雷欣,崔岚,等. 核电厂水池覆面用不锈钢钢板在硼酸水溶液中的点蚀行为[J]. 腐蚀与防护,2017,38(7):491-521.
【14】姚琳,郑越,张洪军,等. 核电厂水池覆面钢板在硼酸溶液中的腐蚀行为[J]. 腐蚀与防护,2018,39(7):525-529.
【15】徐为民,詹静,李成涛,等. 304L不锈钢焊接接头表面状态对其在硼酸溶液中腐蚀行为的影响[J]. 腐蚀与防护,2018,39(6):459-462.
【16】张微啸,李成涛,陈建军,等. 304L不锈钢在硼酸水溶液中的腐蚀行为[J]. 腐蚀与防护,2015,36(1):68-71.
【17】赵迪,李光福,纪开强,等. 304L/ER316L奥氏体不锈钢焊接板的点蚀行为[J]. 腐蚀与防护,2020,41(1):1-8,46.
【18】赵迪,李光福,纪开强,等. 乏燃料池用S32101/ER2209双相不锈钢焊接板点蚀行为[J]. 腐蚀与防护,2019,40(12):861-870.
【19】赵迪. 乏燃料池用不锈钢焊接板的局部腐蚀行为[D]. 北京:机械科学研究总院(上海材料研究所),2019.
【20】彭志珍,唐西明,尹芹. 国内外压水堆核电厂硼酸腐蚀管理调研[J]. 全面腐蚀控制,2014,28(9):21-25.
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